REFERENCE #1: Mr. Shanks goes to Hyperion Hospital to have a diseased kidney removed. After the surgery, he finds that his symptoms come back and grow even worse. When he returns to the hospital to find out what is happening, the hospital staff discovers that the surgeon removed Mr. Shanks' healthy kidney instead of the diseased one.

QUESTIONS #1

a. What specific type of tort case against the business would this be? Explain.

b. What conditions does the plaintiff need to prove? What specific proof (if any) does the plaintiff have in this scenario? Organize this information into a table.

c. What penalty may the defendant expect (if any) as the outcome of this tort case, and why?

REFERENCE #2 Two energy drink companies, Red Hornet and Blackout, have been competing with each other for years. In Blackout's latest ad campaign, they have Red Hornet's cartoon mascot making disparaging comments about its own product. Blackout's ad also includes false claims that Red Hornet uses ingredients grown using slave labor. After the ad campaign runs, Red Hornet notices a drop in its energy drink sales.

QUESTIONS #2

a. What specific type of tort case against the business would this be? Explain.

b. What conditions does the plaintiff need to prove? What specific proof (if any) does the plaintiff have in this scenario? Organize this information into a table.

c. What penalty may the defendant expect (if any) as the outcome of this tort case, and why?

REFERENCE #3. Larissa works at Opalescent, a high-end jewelry store. A customer comes in on a very busy day and complains about how long it takes for anyone to assist him. Larissa apologies, but the customer continues to complain. The customer, a very large man, soon begins insulting her personally and threatening her with violence. Larissa hits him with pepper spray, incapacitating him.

QUESTIONS #3

a. What specific type of tort case against the business would this be? Explain.

b. What conditions does the plaintiff need to prove? What specific proof (if any) does the plaintiff have in this scenario? Organize this information into a table.

c. What penalty may the defendant expect (if any) as the outcome of this tort case, and why?