A newborn child is noticed by his parents, ten days after they left the hospital, to be breathing fast, and to be very irritable. They schedule a visit with their pediatrician the next day, and, during the physical examination, the doctor notices that the baby has blue fingernail beds, and, with strenuous crying, his lips become more blue. Of the following, which condition does this child most likely have in his heart?

a) Atrial septal defect

b) Ventricular septal defect

c) Severe congenital aortic stenosis

d) Coarctation of the aorta

e) Tricuspid atresia