reply to this statement "Linebach & Kovacsiss (2022) discuss the concept of police civil liability, a critical issue illuminated by the landmark case Monroe v. Pape. This 1961 Supreme Court decision significantly shaped the landscape of police accountability by interpreting Section 1983 of the Civil Rights Act of 1871. The case allowed individuals to sue state officials, including police officers, for civil rights violations. Understanding the implications of this case requires examining relevant psychological research, data, law, and theory. Psychological research and theory provide valuable insights that can be used to both support and oppose law enforcement officers in legal disputes. The repercussions of integrating this information into law enforcement practices highlight the need for comprehensive training, mental health support, accountability, and systemic reforms to foster a more just and effective policing system. According to Xu (2024), police officers often operate under extreme stress and must make split-second decisions. The author goes on to discuss how optimal performance is achieved under moderate stress, but too much stress can impair decision-making. In a legal context, psychological evidence of stress-related decision-making can be used to support officers, arguing that their actions, although potentially flawed, were made under high-pressure circumstances that compromised their cognitive functions. According to Schanzenbach (2022), psychological researc