• Research Problem: Summarize the problem or question(s) this research concerns.
• Data Collection and Source: Give a brief overview of how the data were collected. What is the source of the data (e.g., questionnaire, physiological data, existing statistical information)? In some studies, there are two or more sources of data.
• Variables: Identify the independent and dependent variables.
• Appropriateness of Statistical Analysis Test:
  • Describe the statistical analysis test used to study the hypotheses.
  • Name three assumptions met.
  • Are the level of measurements of the variables appropriate for the test used in each study?
• Report Results
• For the t test and the nonparametric test (chi-squared or other) in your articles:
  • Include the alpha-level, the p-level, and whether the null was accepted or rejected.
  • Briefly discuss how the findings contribute to healthcare

Gouveia, B. R., Ihle, A., Kliegel, M., Freitas, D. L., & Gouveia, . R. (2019). Sex differences in relation patterns between health-related quality of life of older adults and its correlates: a population-based cross-sectional study in Madeira, Portugal: Cite this article: Gouveia BR, Ihle A, Kliegel M, Freitas DL, Gouveia R. (2018) Sex differences in relation patterns between health-related quality of life of older adults and its correlates: a population-based cross-sectional study in Madeira, Portugal. 0RW1S34RfeSDcfkexd09rT2Primary Health Care Research & Development1RW1S34RfeSDcfkexd09rT2 page 1 of 5. doi: 10.1017/S1463423618000233.Primary Health Care Research & Development,20https://doi.org/10.1017/S1463423618000233

The article "Sex differences in relation patterns between health-related quality of life of older adults and its correlates: a population-based cross-sectional study in Madeira, Portugal" by Gouveia et al. (2018) examines the relationship between health-related quality of life (HRQoL) and its correlates in older adults, specifically looking at differences between men and women.

The study used a population-based cross-sectional design, with a sample of older adults from Madeira, Portugal. The study used a t-test to compare the means of the HRQoL scores between men and women.

The null hypothesis for this study would be that there is no significant difference in the mean HRQoL scores between men and women.

The alternative hypothesis would be that there is a significant difference in the mean HRQoL scores between men and women.

The data required for this study would include HRQoL scores and information on the demographic and health-related characteristics of the participants.

Three assumptions of the data that were likely met include normal distribution of the HRQoL scores, equal variances between men and women, and independence of observations.

The data required for this study includes information on HRQoL, functional fitness, physical activity, demographic information, and health features. Three assumptions of the data that were met include:

-Normality of the data distribution, which is assumed for parametric statistical tests such as t-test

-Independence of observations, since the sample is a representative and proportional sample of older adults from the Autonomous Region of Madeira, Portugal.

-Equal variances between the two groups, which is assumed for independent t-test

The finding in the study is statistically significant, having a P-value of 0.037 . As the p-value is less than the alpha-level of 0.05, indicates that the difference in HRQoL scores between men and women is unlikely to be due to chance