Researchers collected a simple random sample of the times that 81 college students required to earn their bachelor's degrees. The sample has a mean of 4.8 years and a sample standard deviation of s=2.2 years (based on data from the National Center for Education Statistics). Use a 0.05 significance level to test the claim that the mean time for all college students to earn their bachelor's degreesis greater than 4.5 years.

hypothesis testing and P-value