Respond to peer review with reference and in-text citation :

Label and briefly explain the steps of an intervention. The significant difference between applied social psychology and basic social psychology is the step of taking scientific knowledge and practicing it through the scientific method. In social psychology, an intervention is a procedure designed to influence human behavior to improve functioning in a specific domain. In applied social psychology, intervention strategies can target behavior directly, or they can target beliefs, attitudes, and environments, to change behavior indirectly. The steps followed by applied social psychology are to identify the problem by conducting a needs analysis, identify a solution, establish goals, and design the intervention. In addition to Implementing the intervention, Evaluate the impact of the intervention on the goals. In applied psychology the types of interventions are Personal: interventions that we implement in our daily lives. and Programmatic: interventions aimed at solving a social/practical problem, we also have the Testing: These are interventions tested on a smaller scale to ensure they work as intended.

Describe how the Affirmative Action policy follows (or does not follow) each of these steps. affirmative action involves sets of policies and practices within a government or organization that seek to include particular groups that have historically been discriminated against in areas where such groups are underrepresented, affirmative action is an affirmative action plan or program under this section shall contain three elements: a reasonable self-analysis; a reasonable basis for concluding the action is appropriate; and reasonable action. Affirmative action time is a goal to provide support equitably and equally without social or racial discrimination. but those who point out that it is impartial since it uses merit as a selection method added to the fact that it is a third party who, according to his interpretations and values, ends up making the last decisions have detractors.

Based on your understanding of the intervention and evaluation, has Affirmative Action been successful in achieving the goals of the intervention? Why or why not? Affirmative action as a program as it is designed and conceived is a great opportunity to equalize the inequalities generated by the different gaps of economic and social separation, it could be considered an advanced program with logical reasoning and a practical method with scientific steps, although that in practice there could be disagreements with its fundamental approaches and its principles in the application of this present subjective element, which makes it have the reasonable weaknesses attributed to it. but in terms of the application method and the steps that must be followed, they are very similar and have a certain resemblance to the different intervention methods. When evaluating their results, it is where the principles by which it was elaborated were able to find some discrepancies.

Reference

Crosby, F. J., Iyer, A., Clayton, S., & Downing, R. A. (2003). Affirmative action: Psychological data and the policy debates.American Psychologist, 58, 93-115.

Jamie A. Gruman, Frank W. Schneider, and Larry M. Coutts (2016).Applied Social Psychology: Understanding and Addressing Social and Practical Problems. 3rd Ed. SAGE Publications.