Respond to the following independent situations:

Required:

a$.$ Chris and Casey, married filing jointly, earn $$263,500$ in salaries and do not have any net investment income.

b$.$ Chris and Casey, married filing jointly, earn $$198,000$ in salaries and $$49,000$ in capital gains, $$49,000$ in dividends, and $$24,500$ in

savings interest for a total modified AGI of $$320,500.$

c$.$ Chris and Casey, married filing jointly, earn $$325,000$ in salaries and $$49,000$ in capital gains for a total modified AGI of $$374,000.$

How much in surtax will Chris and Casey be assessed on their Form $1040$ for $2022?$