Retlaw Corporation (RC) manufactures time-series photographic equipment. It is currently at its target debtequity ratio of 0.89. Its considering building a new $55 million manufacturing facility. This new plant is expected to generate after-tax cash flows of $8.5 million in perpetuity. The company raises all equity from outside financing. There are three financing options:

1) A new issue of common stock: The flotation costs of the new common stock would be 10% of the amount raised. The required return on the companys new equity is 15%.

2) A new issue of 20-year bonds: The flotation costs of the new bonds would be 4% of the proceeds. If the company issues these new bonds at an annual coupon rate of 8.0%, they will sell at par.

3) Increased use of accounts payable financing: Because this financing is part of the companys ongoing daily business, it has no flotation costs, and the company assigns it a cost that is the same as the overall firm WACC. Management has a target ratio of accounts payable to long-term debt of 0.150. (Assume there is no difference between the pre-tax and after-tax accounts payable cost.)

What is the NPV of the new plant? Assume that RC has a 38% tax rate.