Rhino viruses typically cause common colds. In a test of the effectiveness ofechinacea, 38 of the 43 subjects treated with echinacea developed rhinovirus infections. In a placebogroup, 77 of the 94 subjects developed rhinovirus infections. Use a 0.01 significance level to test the claim that echinacea has an effect on rhinovirus infections. Complete parts(a) through(c) below.

a. Test the claim using a hypothesis test.

Consider the first sample to be the sample of subjects treated with echinacea and the second sample to be the sample of subjects treated with a placebo. What are the null and alternative hypotheses for the hypothesistest?

Identify the test statistic.

Identify theP-value.

b. Test the claim by constructing an appropriate confidence interval.

The 95% confidence interval is ______<(p1p2)<______

c. Based on theresults, does echinacea appear to have any effect on the infectionrate?

a. Echinacea does not appear to have a significant effect on the infection rate.

b. Echinacea does appear to have a significant effect on the infection rate. There is evidence that it lowers the infection rate.

c. Echinacea does appear to have a significant effect on the infection rate. There is evidence that it increases the infection rate.

d. The results are inconclusive.