Royal Dutch Shell has been doing business in Nigeria since the 1920s, and has announced new plans to develop oil and gas projects there. However, over the years Shell has confronted a series of episodes involving country risk. Shell's operations are centred in Nigeria's Ogoni region, where the local citizens have protested Shell's drilling and refining activities, which are said to spoil the natural environment and reduce the amount of available farmland. Protestors also accuse Shell of extracting wealth from the region without adequately compensating local residents. Ogonis sabotaged Shell's operations to such an extent that the firm suspended parts of its Nigerian operations. Shell also came under pressure to divest its Nigerian operations and to pay reparations to the locals. What proactive steps can Shell take to anticipate future country risk? What should Shell do to deal more effectively with country risk