S & C Company's net income before taxes is $400,000, and income tax expense is $125,000. S & C records a valuation allowance of $25,000. What is S & C's effective tax rate before and after recording the valuation allowance?

A. 31% and 38% respectively

B. 25% and 33% respectively

C. 31% and 25% respectively

D. There would not be a change in ETR because these are due to temporary differences