Sal Amato operates a residential landscaping business in an affluent suburb of St. Louis. In an effort to provide quality service, he has concentrated solely on the design and installation of upscale landscaping plans (e.g. trees, shrubs, fountains and lightings). With his clients continually requesting additional services, Sal recently expanded into lawn maintenance, including fertilization.

The following data relate to his first year experience with 55 fertilization clients:

• Each client required six applications throughout the year and was billed $40 per application
• Two applications involved Type 1 fertilizer which contains a special ingredient for weed control. The remaining four applications involved Type 2 fertilizer.
• Sal purchased 5,000 pounds of Type 1 fertilizer at $0.53 per pound and 10,000 pounds of Type 2 fertilizer at $0.40 per pound. Actual usage amounted to 3,700 pounds of Type 1 and 7,800 pounds of Type 2.
• A new, part-time employee was hired to spread the fertilizer. Sal had to pay premium wages of $11.50 per hour because of a very tight labour market; the employee logged a total of 165 hours at client residences.
• Based on previous knowledge of the operation, articles in trade journals, and conversations with other landscapers, Sal established the following standards:

Fertilizer purchase price per pound: Type 1 = $0.50 and Type 2 = $0.42

Fertilizer usage: 40 pounds per application

Typical hourly wage rate of landscape personnel: $9

Labour time per application: 40 minutes

• The operation did not go as smoothly as planned, with customer complaints actually much higher than expected.

Required:

1. Compute Sal's direct material variances of each type of fertilizer.

2. Compute the direct labour variances.

3. Compute the actual cost of the client applications (Note: Exclude any fertilizer in inventory as remaining fertilizer can be used next year). Was the new service a financial success? Explain.

4. Analyse the variances that you computed in requirements (1) and (

a. Was the new service a success from an overall cost-control perspective? Briefly discuss.

b. What seems to have happened that would give rise to customer complaints?

5. In view of the complaints, should the fertilizer service be continued next year? Why?