Sam made several transfers during his life and his executor, Dave is asking you which assets to include in Sams gross estate. Which of the following transactions will not be included in Sams gross estate?

a. Same gave $20,000 to each of his four grandchildren two years ago.

b. Sam purchased a life insurance policy on his life with a face value of $400,000. Sam transferred the policy to his daughter two years ago.

c. Sam and his wife owned their personal residence valued at $450,000 as tenants by the entirety.

d. After inheriting a vacation home from his father, Sam gifted the vacation home to his son. Sam continued to use the property as a weekend getaway and continued all maintenance of the property.