Sam Smith was a political candidate in a by- election. He contracted the Agency A$ B who was to purchase his paraphernalia A rally was being held to help boost his presence and profile in the community. He was however operating on a tight budget and instructed the agency workers not to purchase any campaign paraphernalia without his explicit authorization. Despite these instructions, the campaign workers ordered some posters, pompoms, and tee shirts for the rally from Jays Tees. When the materials arrived, Smith did not return them, but instead used them for the rally. Brown was very successful and won his seat. When the company from which the goods were purchased did not receive payment, Jays Tees sued for recovery of the price of the goods. Brown argued that he was not liable because he did not authorize any of his workers to purchase the goods and he told the company to get their money from the person who ordered them.