Sam Winchstone operates a concrete repair business. His condensed income statement for fiscal December 31, 2021, is shown below:

Sales $202,000

Cost of Goods Sold (89,000)

Gross Profit 113,000

Operating Expenses (41,000)

Employee Bonus (8,000)

Convention Costs (6,200)

Loss on Sale of Assets (3,400)

Net Income $54,400

Other Information:

1. Operating expenses include a $3,000 penalty to a customer for a delay in completing a contract, $6,500 in amortization expense, a $4,500 golf membership for Sam that he uses mainly for clients, and $2,600 in meals and entertainment costs.

2. Operating expenses also include $25,000 in wages to his 15-year-old brother, Dean. Dean came in on Saturdays to help file paperwork. Sam could have hired an experienced adult from a temporary agency for $4,000. Dean was the only employee for the business for the year.

3. The employee bonus will be paid to Sam on January 31, 2022.

4. Sam traveled to Montreal to attend the Canadian Home Renovators convention where he learned new techniques to use in his business. Of the convention costs, $1,700 was for airline tickets for his wife who traveled with him.

5. Sam sold old computer equipment which resulted in a terminal loss of $500. CCA on the remaining depreciable capital assets used in the business for 2021 was $4,800.

6. Sam used one room of his eight-room house to operate his business. During 2021, Sam had the following costs related to his house:

Utilities 2,400

Property taxes 1,500

Mortgage interest 13,000

Repairs 500

Insurance 700

CCA 8,000

Total 26,100

Required: Using a RECONCILIATION APPROACH, calculate Sam’s minimum Business Income for the year ending December 31, 2021. In preparing your solution, ignore any deductions associated with Canada Pension Plan. In addition, provide reasons for any items that were excluded from your calculations