Scenario 1 describes the situation of Arvin, a 50-year-old car mechanic with mild dementia, who owns Fixacar Co. Ltd. Business has been struggling, and he and his wife Angela, who works as an artist, own two mortgaged properties in the inner city. Arvin receives advice from Tony, a property and finance consultant and close family friend, to invest in rural property to help pay off his mortgages. Tony suggests Arvin can secure a loan with a good interest rate by using his two properties and his business as security. Arvin receives a loan from JohnnyBank Ltd. through Tony, with certificates of independent legal and financial advice obtained through Tony's connections. After six months, Arvin is unable to make the loan repayments, and JohnnyBank wants to enforce their rights over the mortgaged properties. Arvin seeks legal advice, recalling a similar High Court case from recent years. The task is to advise Arvin using relevant case law