Scenario 2

An educational researcher is interested in whether students who compose papers on a computer or who first write out the paper by hand tend to use a pen or a pencil when they are taking notes in class. The number of students who fall into each of the four categories is recorded (e.g., computer & pencil, computer & pen, writing first & pencil, writing first & pen). Is the type of writing instrument used in class related to the method by which the student composes papers?

1. Whether the test is measuring a relationship between two variables, or comparing measures of central tendency for one variable.if comparing measures of central tendency, is it a between or within subjects design?
2. What scale is the data measured on (nominal, ordinal, interval, or ratio)?
3. What is the appropriate test for analyzing the data? (Chi-square goodness of fit, Chi-square test of independence, Pearsonr, Spearman's rho, Independent groups t-test, Dependent groups t-test, Mann-Whitney U test, or Wilcoxon test)