Scenario: A researcher wants to see whether ESP abilities in psychics differ based on environment. Thus, the researcher has psychics predict card suits in both a fortune-telling environment (e.g., low lighting, candles, a crystal ball), and in a standard lab environment. They complete 100 trials of the task in each environment, with the environment type counterbalanced between participants. All 30 psychics completed the card prediction task in both environments. Accuracy rates are compared.

1. What is the independent variable in this scenario?

a. Environment

b. Accuracy rate

c. ESP

d. Card suit

2. What is the most appropriate statistical test to conduct given this scenario?

a. Independent samples t-test

b. Correlated groups t-test

c. Pearsons r correlation

d. Phi correlation

3. Which of the following best describes this scenario?

a. It is one-tailed; directional.

b. It is two-tailed; non-directional.

c. It is one-tailed; non-directional.

d. It is two-tailed; directional.

4. Which of the following best describes the research design?

a. Descriptive

b. Predictive

c. Quasi-experimental

d. Experimental