Scenario:

Stuart Simpson was a productivity consultant. In 2016 at the request of the City of Victoria, Simpson carried out a total review of the city's procedures, staffing, and productivity. Simpson had done brief reports for Victoria in previous years for which he had been paid several thousand dollars each time, but they were not called total reviews. Simpson's understanding this time was that he would prepare a final extensive report, and so the report he submitted was over and quite detailed, and to it was attached his bill for $52,985.62. However, the City advised him that it was expecting just a brief summary of perhaps five or six pages. Therefore, the City refused to pay Simpson's bill, arguing that such a detailed report had been prepared without its authorization or expectation. Simpson sued the City in the Supreme Court of B.C.

Question:

Discuss the likely outcome of this case. In your discussion include what arguments Simpson may make and any possible defences for the City. Also indicate a possible plan for risk reduction for either or both parties.