Scenario: Your are assigned to the Gadget Division of The FGM Corporation, the largest multinational automobile manufacturer in the U.S. Your team is asked to evaluate a project proposal regarding the production of a device, DEVICE, which applies the artificial intelligence technology to improve driving experiences and safety. This upgradeable built-in device gives warnings to drivers and assists them to stay in lane and avoid collision. The DEVICE will be marketed as an optional feature for FGM cars and trucks. An 18-month comprehensive market analysis on the potential demand for the device was completed for a cost of $20.0M, where M is for millions. Based on the comprehensive market analysis, your team expects annual sale volume of DEVICE to be 4.5M units for the first year and will increase by 6% annually in the following three years. The REAL unit price of the device is $660 (expressed in constant t=0 dollar). Due to the introduction of similar products by competitors at the end of Year 4, the expected annual sale volume will decline by 35% for the final year of the projects life. And the REAL unit price is expected to fall to $440 (expressed in constant t=0 dollar) in the year following the introduction of the competitive products. The REAL unit production costs are estimated at $600 (expressed in constant t=0 dollar) at the beginning of the project, and will not be impacted by the change in competition. Annual REAL growth rates for unit prices and unit production costs are expected to be 1.0% and 2.5%, respectively, over the entire life of the project. In addition, the implementation of the project demands current assets set at 16% of contemporaneous annual sale revenues, and current liabilities set at 12% of contemporaneous annual production costs. Besides, the introduction of DEVICE will increase the sales volume of cars and trucks that leads to an increase in the annual after-tax operating cash flow of FGM by $15.0M (expressed in constant t=0 dollar, i.e., in real term) for the first year of the project, and declines at an annual real rate of 10% afterwards throughout the life of the project. The production line for DEVICE is built on a vacant plant site (land) purchased by FGM at a cost of $54.0M twenty-five years ago. The vacant plant site has a current market value of $42.0M and is expected to be sold at the termination of the project for $48.0M in five years. The machinery for producing DEVICE has an invoice price of $105.0M, and its customization costs another $18.0M for meeting the specifications for the project. The machinery has an economic life of five years, and is classified in the MACR 5-year asset class for depreciation purpose. The machinery is expected to be fully obsolete and hence unsalable at the termination of the project. The corporate handbook of The FGM Corporation states that corporate overhead costs should be reflected in project analyses at the rate of 4.5% of the annual revenue. The acceptance of the project has no impact on the corporate overhead costs. However, financial analysts at the Headquarters believe that every project should bear its fair share of the corporate overhead burden. On the other hand, the Director of the Gadget Division disagrees to this view and believes that the corporate overhead costs should be left out of the analysis. The marginal tax rate of The FGM Corporation is 21%. And any tax loss from the project can be used to write off taxable income of The FGM Corporation. The general inflation rate is 3.8%, and your real discount rate is 5%

Question 3: An alternative solution is to back out from the DEVICE Project at the end of the fourth year for a NOMINAL (non-deductible) penalty of $500M. Besides, the machinery will have a zero market value if the project is abandoned. And the plant site is estimated to be priced at $40M then. Would you recommend the abandonment of the project? How much is the value of the option to abandon (relative to the base scenario)?

Question 4: Since this is a major project for the Gadget Division, the Division Director is greatly concerned about the riskiness of this Project. Your team is asked to determine the MINIMUM real unit price (expressed in constant t=0 dollar) for DEVICE such that the Project will be acceptable according to the conceptually most correct capital budgeting method, based on the information given in the base scenario. (Hint: Learn to use the Goal Seek function on Excel to solve for the minimum unit price!) Question 5: Being diligent professionals, your team is not satisfied with the assumed discount rate in the base scenario that is given to you. From your teams research, your team notes that The FGM Corporation issued three types of securities to finance its businesses. It has 250M shares of its common stock outstanding, which is priced at $225 per share. The stock beta is estimated at 1.35. In addition, the Corporations 10% coupon, $45B par, 15- year, BB-rated quarterly coupon paying bonds are priced at a