Scenarios

1. As an international development researcher, you would like to know African Citizen's perceptions about current levels of democracy. Your working hypothesis is that a series of reforms have increased African views of the level of democracy today. You do not have a good research design to compare attitudes before and after the reforms, but know that leaders and development experts would like to see a value of 6, on the scale of 1-10. Using the data from the 2015 Afrobarometer, determine whether perceptions about current levels of democracy statistically differ from a value of 6. A statement that furnishes an answer to this question, note the relevant statistics, comment on meaningfulness, and include your relevant SPSS output.

2. As an international development researcher, you have already tested whether perceptions about the current levels of democracy differ from a value of 6. Given recent social change movements in North Africa, you now want to determine whether there is a statistical difference in these perceptions between North Africa and Southern Africa. Using the data from the 2015 Afrobarometer, A statement that furnishes an answer to this question, note the relevant statistics, comment on meaningfulness, and include your relevant SPSS output.

How do I perform the three different approaches of t tests on senerio 1 or senerio 2

• Independent sample t test
• Paired sample t test
• One sample t test
• Based on each of the two research scenarios provided, open the Afrobarometer dataset using SPSS software, then choose and run the appropriate t test.
• Afrometer Dataset Below

Afrometer.sav [DataSet1] - IBM SPSS Statistics Data Editor X File Edit View Data Transform Analyze Graphs Utilities Extensions Window Help 9 + Q Name Type Width Decimals Label Values Missing Columns Align Measure Role 1 prestg 10 Numeric 8 Rs occupational prestig... 10, IAP,DK,.. 10 Right Scale Input sei 10 Numeric R's socioeconomic inde. 1.0, IAP DK,.. .0 10 Right Scale Input W N age Numeric N 0 AGE OF RESPONDENT 10, 0 (Missi. 0, 98, 99 8 Right Scale Input childs Numeric NUMBER OF CHILDREN 18, EIGHT O.. 9 Right Ordinal Input citizen Numeric 0 ARE YOU A CITIZEN OF .. {0, IAP). CO -S OU A 0, 8, 9 Right Nominal Input colscinm Numeric 0 NUMBER OF COLLEGE.. {0, IAP).. 0, 98, 99 Right Scale Input ON coninc Numeric 0 FAMILY INCOME IN CO... {0, IAP). 0, 999999, ... 8 Right Scale Input ( 00 conrinc Numeric To RESPONDENT INCOM.. {0, IAP).. 0, 999999, CO Right Scale Input degree Numeric RS HIGHEST DEGREE 10, LT HIGH... 7, 8, 9 Right Ordinal `Input 10 dwelown Numeric DOES R OWN OR REN... {0, IAP}. 0, 8, 9 Right Nominal Input 11 leduc Numeric 0 HIGHEST YEAR OF SC.. (97, IAP).. 97, 98, 99 Right Scale Input 00 00 W N 12 emailhr Numeric 0 EMAIL HOURS PER WE. {-1, IAP). -1, 998, 999 Right Scale Input 13 grass Numeric SHOULD MARIJUANA B.. {0, IAP). 0, 8,9 CO Right Nominal Input 14 hrs2 Numeric N NUMBER OF HOURS U... {-1, IAP).. -1, 98, 99 Right Scale Input 15 marita Numeric MARITAL STATUS (1, MARRIE... 9 Right Nominal Input 16 owngun Numeric HAVE GUN IN HOME {0, IAP). 0, 8, 9 Right Nominal Input 17 partyid Numeric To POLITICAL PARTY AFFI.. 10, STRON... 8, 9 Right Nominal Input 18 race Numeric O RACE OF RESPONDENT {0, IAP}. Right Nominal Input 19 realinc Numeric FAMILY INCOME IN CO. {0, IAP). 0, 999999, . Right Scale Input 20 rincome Numeric N 0 RESPONDENTS INCOME {0, IAP)... 13 - 99, 0 8 Right Ordinal Input 21 sex Numeric 0 RESPONDENTS SEX {1, MALE)... 0 Right Nominal Input 22 SEXORNT Numeric O SEXUAL ORIENTATION {0, IAP).. 0, 8, 9 Right Nominal Input 23 size Numeric SIZE OF PLACE IN 1000S {-1, NOT AS... -1 Right Scale Input 24 tvhours Numeric IN 0 HOURS PER DAY WAT... {-1, IAP). -1, 98, 99 8 Right Scale Input 25 union Numeric 0 DOES R OR SPOUSE B. {0, IAP).. 0, 8, 9 Right Nominal Input 26 USCITZN Numeric IS R US CITIZEN {0, IAP}.. 0, 8, 9 C0 4 00 Right Nominal Input 27 wkracism Numeric R FEELS DISCRIMINAT... {0, IAP).. 0, 8,9 Right Nominal Input 28 wksexism Numeric R FEELS DISCRIMINAT... {0, IAP).. 0, 8, 9 Right Nominal Input 29 wrksIf Numeric R SELF-EMP OR WORK.. {0, IAP). 0, 8, 9 Right Nominal Input 30 wrkstat Numeric LABOR FORCE STATUS {0, IAP).. 0, 9 CO Right Nominal Input 31 Numeric W wwwhr WWW HOURS PER WE... {-1, IAP).. -1, 998, 999 8 Right Scale `Input Data View Variable View SPSS Statistics Processor is ready . Unicode:ON Classic 78.F O 10:13 PM Clear 7/10/2022 1