SECOND CASE | The Electronic Frontier Foundation(DEL) Source: "The Electronic Frontier Foundation", in George W. Reynolds,Ethics in Information Technology, 3eed., Boston, Course Technology, Cengage Learning, 2010, p. 192.

In 1990, John Perry Barlow, lyricist of the band Grateful Dead, and Mitch Kapor, founder of Lotus Development Corporation, which had developed the spreadsheet Lotus 1-2-3, founded The Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF). EFF, a nonprofit legal and advocacy organization, is headquartered in the United States. EEF is committed to protecting fundamental civil liberties related to the use of technology, including the right to speech, privacy, innovation and consumer rights. She often acts as an advocate in court cases to protect individual rights. EFF's mission is to educate the press, policy makers and the general public about civil liberties. On its website (www.eff.org), there is a wide range of information on issues relating to censorship, free expression, digital surveillance, encryption and privacy. There are more than 100,000 visits daily, and among the many visitors are decision-makers interested in the ethical and legal aspects of the application of information technologies. Most of EFF's annual operating budget comes from individual donations from concerned citizens. EFF also maintains relationships with many IT-related organizations; the latter provide it with hardware, software and IT services, including Hewlett-Packard, Sun Microsystems and Symantec. Many of these sponsors hope to do more to reduce the negative impacts of IT on society, to help users of IT become more involved in carrying out their roles and responsibilities, and ultimately to creat a market that is better informed about their products. However, in addition to its supporters, EFF has attracted, over time, many detractors who point out its lack of impartiality with regard to certain types of regulation.

Issue 4

This foundation defends the individual freedoms related to the use of technologies in the face of regulations issued by the American government.

a) Reread the article by La Chapelle, "Sovereignty and Jurisdiction in Cyberspace ". In this article, it clearly states that there are no forums to discuss the issue of freedom of expression. Give examples that explain and confirm this assertion by La Chapelle. b) Search the Internet and find at least one articlescientificwhich deals with IT law and the challenges of its application (this may relate to a specific right, such as that of freedom of expression, or to the law in cyberspace in general). Compare the position of the author to that of La Chapelle

Issue 5

b) fait an internet search for WikiLeaks. Describe how WikiLeaks' use of IT raises free speech issues. Use at least three sources (eg, scientific articles or recognized journals; avoid personal pages and blogs) on which to base your argument. (Permission to use as a source Foegle's article "The "Paradise Papers" or the paradoxes of an uberized transparency .)

https://journals-openedition-org.tlqprox.teluq.uquebec.ca/revdh/3475

Theme to explore

Creation of an international treaty on counterfeiting Intellectual property raises many issues. Negotiations on this subject aimed at the creation of an international treaty, the Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement (ACTA) or Trade Agreement on Counterfeiting (ACRC) (in English: Anti-Counterfeiting Trade Agreement, ACTA), arouse strong debates since 2006.

Question 6

a)fait an Internet search and find at least two documents (website of an organization or institution, a recognized scientific or topical article) dealing with the subject: a document presenting a vision in favor of ACTA and a document presenting a vision denouncing ACTA.

b) First present the treaty in a general way, then summarize the arguments in favor and against this treaty. c) Finally, explain why you oppose or accept Canada's accession to this treaty. The treaty touches on many issues; be sure to mention as many as possible!