Select one of the following systems:

a) physical book publishing and reading

b) left hand vs right hand vs central steering road vehicles

c) Apple vs Microsoft vs Unix/Linux operating systems

d) mobile phone contracts e) spoken languages and their dialects

Exercise: in groups, analyze your selected system through the combined perspective of at least four of the innovation economics concepts below:

a) substitute goods and services

b) complementary goods and services

c) switching costs (synonyms: exit costs, "stickiness")

d) direct and indirect network effects

e) lock-in

f) characteristic propensity for change

g) quasi-irreversibility

h) path dependency

i) operating environment / ecosystem

j) progressive and retardative interests