Semiconductor wafer fabrication is an expensive process involving hundreds of millions of dollars in processing equipment, material handling and human resources. IstanbulChip, Inc. wants to use simulation to design a new "fab" by evaluating the steady-state mean cycle time that they can expect under a particular loading of two distinct products, called C-chip and D-chip. The process of wafer fabrication consists of two basic steps, diffusion and lithography, each of which contains many substeps, and the fabrication process requires multiple passes through these steps. Product will be released in cassettes at the rate of 1 cassette/hour, 7 day a week, 24-hour a day, to achieve a desired throughput of 1-cassette/hour. The hope is that current design will achieve long-run average cycle times of less than 45 hours for the C-chip and 30 hours for the D-chip. Suppose that a total of R 10 independent replications were made, each run long enough so that 250 cycle times were collected for each of C-Chip and D-Chip. However, we will focus on C-Chip. Suppose that the simulation analyst decides each of length To + Te= 2200 hours, deleting the first To 200 hours before data collection, begins as identifying the trend in the data due to initialization bias and find out it dissipates. Remember that the raw output data consists of cycle times for Chip-C cassettes, and the output from each replication is the average of all of the Chip-C cassettes that finish between To = 200 hours and To + TE=2200 hours. a) Estimate the long run average cycle time and measure the error of the estimate by a 95% confidence interval. b) Suppose that it is desired to estimate long-run mean cycle time of Chip-C to within = 0.1hours with 95% confidence. Calculate that how many replications are needed. c) Suppose that the run length was to be increased to achieve the desired error 10.1 hours. What should be the run length? Data Summary for IstanbulChip Simulation by Replication Sample Mean for Replication r Replication 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 r 10 Y..-bar S 46.86 46.09 47.64 47.43 46.94 46.43 47.11 46.56 46.73 46.80 46.86 0.46