Shard Memory.vs Message Passing: Explain the process of adding 100,000 numbers on 60 processors using parallel machines which are of types shared memory processors and message passing distributed memory machines. How many steps will be needed for carrying out the computation? 1. (Amdahl's Law) You are working on benchmarking a set of machines on a benchmark program with instructions such that 40% of them are parallelizable. The four machines that you have access to contain processors with 1, 2, 4, and 8 cores respectively. What speed up would you expect from each of these machines? If you had a machine with unlimited number of cores, what would be the speedup for that machine? What can you say about the rate at which speedup grows with increasing number of processing cores? 2. 3. A list of 8-bit memory address references given as word addresses is as follows: 2, 44, 6, 214, 175, 1, 212, 6, 25, 17 For each of these references, identify the binary address, the tag, and the index given a direct-mapped cache with 16 1-word blocks. Also, list if each reference is a hit or a miss, assuming.that the cache is initially empty. Also, work through the exercise for a 2-way associative cache of size 16 1-word blocks