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The purpose of a study by Gehan et al. was to define the optimum dose of lignocaine required to reduce pain on injection of propofol. According to these researchers, propofol is a rapidly acting intravenous agent used for induction of anesthesia. Despite its many advantages, however, pain induced by its injection limits its use. Other studies have shown that intravenous lignocaine given before or with propofol reduced the frequency of pain. Subjects used in the study by Gehan et al. were 310 patients undergoing anesthesia. Patients were allocated to four categories according to lignocaine dosage. Group A received no lignocaine, while Group B, C, and D received .1, .2, and .4 mg/kg, respectively, mixed with propofol. The degree of pain experienced by patients was scored from 0 to 3, with patients experiencing no pain receiving a score 0. The following table shows the patients cross-classified by dose level group and pain score: