Shown in the figure below is a re-creation of the Rutherford experiment. The "target" (green) nucleus is Gold and has a charge of Q = 1.266e-17 Coulombs and a large mass. You fire a Proton nucleus, with charge q = 1.602e-19 Coulombs and mass m = 1.661e-27 kg at a velocity of v₁ = 3.06e+07 m/s from a location far away from the Gold nucleus. At moment #2, the separation between the centers of the two nuclei is d₂ = 8.518e-14 meters. We shall treat the Gold nucleus as stationary throughout the process.