Sid's Market is an upscale supermarket that caters to a clientele living Toronto. Although most of the supermarkets in Toronto are unionized, Sid's market has been able to avoid unions by matching unionized markets' pay and benefits. Sid Clark, founder and owner of Sid's, has told store manager Lisa Shaw that one of her top priorities should be discouraging union organization at the market. Clark is convinced that if the store is unionized, it will lose its "family" environment and become a bureaucratic, impersonal market like the other major food chains in Toronto. Recently, Lisa became aware that the United Food and Commercial Workers (UFCW) union is attempting to organize Sid's market. In trying to discourage the UFCW, she took the following actions to implement Sid's union avoidance strategy: Several employees privately told Lisa they did not support the union, and she informally gave them more desirable shifts. Lisa told employees they could come to her with any questions or concerns. o One day later, an employee asked Lisa whether she supported the union. She responded "my personal belief is that we have a family environment here, and the company works really hard to resolve employee issues and