Simple regression was employed to establish the effects of childhood exposure to lead. The effective sample size was about 122 subjects. The independent variable was the level of dentin lead (parts per million). Below are regressions using various dependent variables.

(a)Calculate the t statistic for each slope. From the p-values, which slopes differ from zero at = .01?(Round your answers to 2 decimal places. Negative values should be indicated by a minus sign.)

Dependent VariableR²Estimated SlopeStd Errort_calculatedp-valueDiffer from 0?Highest grade achieved0.062-0.0250.010.014

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Yes

No

Reading grade equivalent0.100-0.0350.038.359

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No

Yes

Class standing0.064-0.0100.007.156

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No

Yes

Absence from school0.0812.4001.340.076

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No

Yes

Grammatical reasoning0.0340.1680.069.016

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No

Yes

Vocabulary0.119-0.2890.055.000

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Yes

No

Hand-eye coordination0.0520.0360.018.048

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No

Yes

Reaction time0.01810.5007.550.167

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Yes

No

Minor antisocial behavior0.016-0.2520.239.294

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Yes

No