Sirotka Retail Company began doing business in 20X1. The following information pertains to its first three years of operation: Use the following links to the present value tables to calculate answers. (PV of 1, PVAD of 1, and PVOA of 1) (Use the appropriate factor(s) from the tables provided.)

				Purchases					Sales
Year	Operating Expenses			Units			Unit Cost			Units			Unit Price
20X1	$	60,000			15,000		$	20.00			12,000		$	35
20X2		90,000			20,000			25.00			18,000			40
20X3		65,000			5,000			30.00			10,000			40

Assume the following:

• The income tax rate is 21%.
• Purchase and sale prices change only at the beginning of the year.
• Sirotka uses the LIFO cost flow assumption.
• Operating expenses are primarily selling and administrative expenses.

Required:

1. Compute cost of goods sold and the cost of ending inventory for each of the three years.
2. Prepare income statements for each of the three years.
3. Compute the LIFO reserve at the end of 20X1, 20X2, and 20X3.
4. Compute the effect of LIFO liquidation on the net income of the company for the years 20X2 and 20X3.
5. Compute the inventory turnover ratio for the years 20X2 and 20X3. Do not make adjustments for any potential biases in LIFO accounting.
6. How can the physical turnover of inventory (that is, true inventory turnover) best be approximated using all of the information available in a LIFO financial statement? Illustrate your approach by recomputing Sirotkas inventory turnover ratios for 20X2 and 20X3.
7. Compute the gross margin percentages for the years 20X2 and 20X3.
8. Provide an estimate of the FIFO cost of goods sold for the years 20X1, 20X2, and 20X3 using the information available in the financial statements.
9. Based on your answers to requirements 1 and 8, estimate Sirotkas tax savings for 20X1, 20X2, and 20X3.
10. Assuming a discount rate of 10%, compute the January 1, 20X1, present value of the tax savings over the period 20X120X3 (that is, discount the 20X1 tax savings one period, and so on).