Sleep apnea is a disorder in which you have one or more pauses in breathing or shallow breaths while you sleep. In a cross-sectional study of

430

adults who suffer from sleep apnea, it was found that

301

had gum disease. In the general population, about 17.5% of individuals have gum disease. lets Complete parts (a) through (c) below.

Part 1

(a) What does it mean for this study to be cross-sectional?

A.

The data were obtained at a specific point in time and the study was an experiment.

B.

The data were obtained over the course of time and the study was an experiment.

C.

The data were obtained at a specific point in time and the study was an observational study.

D.

The data were obtained over the course of time and the study was an observational study.

Part 2

(b) What is the variable of interest in this study? Is it qualitative or quantitative? Explain. Identify the variable of interest. Choose the correct answer below.

A.

Whether a person has sleep apnea or not.

B.

The proportion of gum disease present in those with sleep apnea.

C.

Whether a person with sleep apnea has gum disease or not.

D.

Whether a person has gum disease or not.

Part 3

lets Determine whether the variable in question is qualitative or quantitative. lets Choose the correct answer below.

A.

Qualitativelong dash

the

variable classifies the individuals in the study.

B.

Qualitativelong dash

the

variable can be numerically measured.

C.

Quantitativelong dash

the

variable can be numerically measured.

D.

Quantitativelong dash

the

variable classifies the individuals in the study.

Part 4

(c) Estimate the proportion of individuals who suffer from sleep apnea who have gum disease with

99

%

confidence. Interpret your result. Select the correct choice below and fill in the answer boxes to complete your choice.

( lets Use ascending order. lets Round to three decimal places as needed.)

A.

99

%

of the population lies in the interval between

enter your response here

and

enter your response here

.

B.

There is a

99

%

chance that the true population proportion of individuals who suffer from sleep apnea who have gum disease is between

enter your response here

and

lets enter our response here

.

C.

There is

99

%

confidence that the population proportion of individuals who suffer from sleep apnea who have gum disease is between

enter your response here

and

lets enter our response here

.