Smoking tobacco is bad for your circulatory health. In an attempt to maintain the blood's capacity to deliver oxygen, the body increases its red blood cell production, and this increases the viscosity of the blood. In addition, nicotine from tobacco causes arteries to constrict. (a) For a nonsmoker, with blood viscosity of 2.50 x 10"5 Pa.s, normal blood flow requires a pressure difference of 8 mm Hg between the two ends of a certain artery. If this person were to smoke regularly, his blood viscosity could increase to 2.80 x 10-5 Pa's (a 12% increase), and the diameter of his artery would constrict by 10%. What pressure difference between the ends of the artery would then be needed to maintain the same blood flow rate? mm of Hg (b) Which had a larger effect on the pressure difference needed: the change in viscosity, or the change in the diameter of the artery V ---Select--- the viscosity the diameter Submit Answer they both had equal effects you can't tell from the information givenParts of an artery can get blocked with fatty deposits as shown schematically in the figure at the right. In order to get a sense of what happens to the flow and pressure when this occurs, let s model a partially blocked artery by the simple model shown in the second figure: Region I of length L and diameter D, region II of length L and diameter d, and region III of length L and diameter D again. In this simple model, we'll ignore any elasticity of the III artery so take all radii as fixed. 1. While the flow is uniform (it doesn't change over the time we are considering it), how does the speed of the fluid in region II compare to the speed in region I? O VI/VII = d/D O VI/VII = D2/d2 O VI/VII = d2/D2 O Something else O VI = VII O VI/VII = D/d 2. If d is 10% smaller than D, how do the pressure drops experienced by the fluid across region I and region II compare? O The pressure drop in region II is greater than that in region I by about 50%. The pressure drop in region II is greater than that in region I by about 10%. The pressure drop in region I is greater than that in region II by about 33%. The pressure drop in region I is greater than that in region II by about 10%. The pressure drop in region II is greater than that in region I by about 33%. The pressure drop in region I is greater than that in region II by about 50%. The pressure drop in the two regions is the same.The leaves of a tree lose water to the atmosphere via the process of transpiration. A particular tree loses water at the rate of 4.0 x 10'5 m3/st What mass of water is lost over the course of a single day? (Use 1000 kg/m3 for the density of water) :m This water is replenished by the upward flow of sap through vessels in the tree's trunk. If the trunk contains about 1800 vessels, each 0.1 mm in diameter, what is the speed of the sap owing in the vessels? :mm/S If you are lying down and stand up quickly, you can get dizzy or feel faint. This is because the blood vessels don't have time to expand to compensate for the blood pressure dropo If your brain is 0.4 m higher than your heart when you are standing, how much lower is your blood pressure at your brain than it is at your heart? The density of blood plasma is about 1025 kg/m3 and suppose your maximum (systolic) pressure of the blood at the heart is 121.2 mm of Hg (Note that 120 mm of Hg = 16 kP = 1.6 x 10"t N/mz). Since most doctors still use mm of Hg, give your result in those LII'IICS1 Pressure at brain = E mm of Hg