solve the following problems

2. Following is a set of numerical scores for a sample of n = 8 subjects. Find the rank for each subject. Subject: A B C D E F G H Score: 12 12 19 19 19 24 27 304. Problem 22 from Chapter 10 described an experiment in which humorous sentences were presented to one group and nonhumorous sentences to another group (Schmidt, 1994). Both groups were then tested to see how many sentences they could recall. The data are as follows: Number of Sentences Recalled Humorous Nonhumorous Sentences Sentences 5 2 4 5 2 N 6 7 6 6 2 1 2 5 4 3 3 2 3 3 3 5 w 4 The independent-measures ? test showed a significant difference between the two types of sentences. Transform the scores to ordinal data (ranks) and use a Mann-Whitney test with a = .05 to determine whether the ordinal test produces the same conclusion.6. One of the advantages of using ranks (ordinal data) instead of interval or ratio scores is that ranks can reduce the effect of one extreme individual score. The following data represent results from an independent- measures study comparing two treatments. Notice that most subjects in treatment 1 have scores around 40, and most subjects in treatment 2 have scores around 15. However, there is one odd individual in treatment 2 with a score of X = 104. This extreme score distorts the data so that an independent-measures / test indicates no significant difference between treatments, *(10) = 0.868, p > .05. When the scores are converted to ranks, however, the effect of the extreme score is much less dramatic. Transform the score into ranks and use a Mann-Whitney test to evaluate the difference between treatments. Test with a = .05. Treatment 1 Treatment 2 22 16 39 10 37 14 16 17 12 57 104 M = 39.00 M = 27.00 s = 11.30 S = 34.04