. Solve the problems by showing all the steps

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1. Conductors and insulators:

Suppose a speck of dust in an electrostatic precipitator has 1.010¹³protons in it and has a net charge of -4.5 nC (a very large charge for a small speck). How many electrons does it have? nC is nano coulomb.

Charge on a proton is same in magnitude as the charge in an electron.

In magnitude both are:

= 1.6