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Some consequences of the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, in the simplified kinetic theory in S1.4, several statements concerning the equilibrium behavior of a gas were made without
Some consequences of the Maxwell-Boltzmann distribution, in the simplified kinetic theory in S1.4, several statements concerning the equilibrium behavior of a gas were made without proof. In this problem and the next, some of these statements are shownito be exact consequences of the Maxwell-Boltzmann velocity distribution. The MaxwellBoltzmann distribution of molecular velocities in an ideal gas at rest is f(ux,uy,uz)=n(m/2kT)3/2exp(mu2/2kT)(1C.11) in which u is the molecular velocity, n is the number density, and f(ux,uy,uz) dux duy duz is the number of molecules per unit volume that is expected to have velocities between ux and ux + dux, uy and uy + duy, uz and uz + duz. It follows from this equation that the distribution of the molecular speed u is f(u)=4nu2(m/2kT)3/2exp(mu2/2kT)(a) Verify Eq. 1.4-1 by obtaining the expression for the mean speed u from(b) Obtain the mean values of the velocity components ux, uy, and uz. The first of thse is obtained from what can one conclude from the results? (c) Obtain the mean kinetic energy per molecule by the correct result is 1/2 mu2 =3/2kT
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