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Some types of cancer are much more common than others. Although genetic and environmental factors contributing to cancer often make the news, cancer may also
Some types of cancer are much more common than others. Although genetic and environmental factors contributing to cancer often make the news, cancer may also arise from random mutations during routine stem cell divisions over the course of a lifetime. Researchers examined the relationship between the total number of stem cell divisions in the lifetime of a given tissue and the lifetime risk of cancer in that tissue. The table provides the data for 31 types of cancers for which this information is known in the US. population. Each risk value reects the proportion of individuals in the population who get this particular cancer over their lifetime.1 Cancer type Lifetime risk Stem cell divisions Cancer type Lifetime risk Stem cell divisions AM leukemia 0.0041000 129,900,000,000 Lung (smokers) 0.0810000 9,272,000,000 Basal cell 0.3000000 3,550,000,000,000 Medulloblastoma 0.0001 100 272,000,000 CL leukemia 0.0052000 129,900,000,000 Melanoma 0.0203000 763,800,000,000 Colorectal 0.0480000 1,168,000,000,000 Osteosarcoma 0.0003500 29,260,000 FAP colorectal 1.0000000 1,168,000,000,000 Arms osteosarcoma 0.0000400 4,550,000 Lynch colorectal 0.5000000 1,168,000,000,000 Head osteosarcoma 0.0000302 6,020,000 Duodenum 0.0003000 7,796,000,000 Legs osteosarcoma 0.0002200 11,130,000 FAP duodenum 0.0350000 7,796,000,000 Pelvis osteosarcoma 0.0000300 3,150,000 Esophageal 0.0019380 1,203,000,000 Ovarian germ cell 0.0004110 22,000,000 Gallbladder 0.0028000 78,400,000 Pancreatic ductal 0.0135890 342,800,000,000 Glioblastoma 0.0021900 270,000,000 Pancreatic islet 0.0001940 6,068,000,000 Head and neck 0.0138000 31,860,000,000 Small intestine 0.0007000 292,200,000,000 HPV head and neck 0.0793500 31,860,000,000 Testicular 0.0037000 3,348,000,000 Hepatocellular 0.0071000 270,900,000,000 Thyroid follicular 0.0102600 585,000,000 HCV hepatocellular 0.0710000 270,900,000,000 Thyroid medullary 0.0003240 58,500,000 Lung (nonsmokers) 0.0045000 9,272,000,000When a variable spreads over several orders of magnitude, transforming the data using a base-10 logarithm function helps focus on these differences of magnitude. What are the minimum and maximum for each variable? Now obtain the base-10 log of each value in the table. What are the minimums and maximums now? Provide the minimums and maximums of the base- 10 log values of lifetime risk and the minimum and maximum of the base-10 log values of total stem cell division. Provide your answers with precision to four decimal places. maximum for lifetime risk base 10: Enter numeric value
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