Spontaneous funds are generally defined as follows: (Which one)

* A forecasting approach in which the forecasted percentage of sales for each item is held constant.

* Funds that a firm must raise externally through short-term or long-term borrowing and/or by selling new common or preferred stock.

*Funds that arise out of normal business operations from its suppliers, employees, and the government, and they include immediate increases in accounts payable, accrued wages, and accrued taxes.

*The amount of cash raised in a given year minus the amount of cash needed to finance the additional capital expenditures and working capital needed to support the firm's growth.

*Assets required per dollar sales.