SPSS Lab: Independent-Samples t - Salary Worksheet Copy the SPSS output boxes for each of your analyses and paste them into this worksheet in the designated spaces. Paste screenshots of the Data View and the Variable View in the designated spaces, too, Before or after you complete the quiz based on this lab, you must submit this worksheet to the assignment folder designated for the Independent-Samples t Labs. EXPERIMENT ONE Dr. Euphrasia studies gender differences in income, and she wants to apply what she knows to salaries in higher education. In most fields, women eam less than men, so she wants to test her expectation that female faculty eam less than male faculty. She selected a sample from the population of faculty teaching at colleges and universities in Georgia, where she could look up the salaries of any government employee. She obtained the following salary data for a sample of female and a sample of male faculty (in thousands of dollars): Using SPSS, compute the appropriate test on the data from Paste the Group Statistics output here: Fill in the M and SD for each group: SPSS Lab: Independent-Samples t - Salary Worksheet Paste the Independent Samples Test output here: With alpha set at .05, write a conclusion based on these SPSS results. Be sure to report the appropriate statistics in APA style. Notice that women's mean salary is mumerically lower than men's in Experiment 1, but it is not significantly lower (as indicated by the p value), so we say that women do not earn a lower salary (because it is not statistically significantly lower). Paste a screenshot of the Data View (showing all the columns in which you have entered data) here: Paste a screenshot of the Variable View (showing all the rows in which you have entered information corresponding to the columns above) here: SPSS Lab: Independent-Samples t-Salary Worksheet Dr. Smith wanted to replicate the previous study. He selected a new sample from the population of faculty teaching at colleges and universities in Georgia. He obtained the following salary data for the women and men in that sample (in thousands of dollars): Using SPSS compute the appropriate test on the data from Experiment 2. Paste the Group Statistics output here: 3. Give the M and SD for each group: 4. The difference between the means in Experiment 1 is the difference between the means in Experiment 2. a. less than SPSS Lab: Independent-Samples t - Salary Worksheet b. greater than c. the same as 5. The variability (the SDs for each group) in Experiment 1 is the variability in Experiment 2 . less than the same as greater than because the SD of women in Experiment 1 is larger than the SD of women in Experiment 2, and the SD of men in Experiment 1 is larger than the SD of men in Experiment 2. 6a. Given your answer to numbers 4 and 5 , the results of Experiment 1 are to be significant compared to the results of Experiment 2 ? a. less likely b. more likely c. equally likely 6b. Explain why by answering this question: How will the numerator and denominator of the t-obtained formula be affected by the answers to questions 4 and 5 ? Note: When you make comparisons between the two experiments, clearly identify which experiment you are referring to. I have answered this question for you in great detail below. You will need to answer a similar question on later exams, so you should make sure you understand the explanation now. For the sake of this lab, though, and the accompanying quiz, you will only need to use this information to answer the question below that asks you to "Sum up the comparison between Experiment I and Experiment 2." SPSS Lab: Independent-Samples t - Salary Worksheet Implication of the Difference Between the Means: Because the difference between the means of the two groups is the same in Experiment 1 and Experiment 2, that component of the t-obtained formula cannot be responsible for the fact that Experiment 1 was nonsignificant but Experiment 2 was significant. Implication of Variability: Because the variability in Experiment 1 is larger than the variability in Experiment 2, the denominator of the tobtained formula is larger in Experiment 1 than in Experiment 2 . Sum up the comparison between Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 here: The impact of this difference is that the resulting t-obtained value is __ in Experiment than in Experiment 2, making it likely that the results would be significant in Experiment 1 than in Experiment 2. Next, let's look at the Independent Samples Test output box. Paste the Independent Samples Test output here: 7. With alpha set at .05, write a conclusion based on these SPSS results. Be sure to report the appropriate statistics in APA style. Notice that women's mean salary is mumerically lower than men's in Experiment 1, and it is significantly lower (as indicated by the p value), so we say that women do earn a lower salary (because it is statisfically significantly lower). Paste a screenshot of the Data View (showing all the columns in which you have entered data) here: Notice that women's mean salary is numerically lower than men's in Experiment 1, and it is significantly lower (as indicated by the p value), so we say that women do earn a lower salary (because it is statistically significantly lower). Paste a screenshot of the Data View (showing all the columns in which you have entered data) here: SPSS Lab: Independent-Samples t - Salary Worksheet RESULTS SECTION In this question, you are going to submit a properly formatted result section based on Experiment 1. Below, I have provided you a template that forms the basis of a simple results section for an independentsamples t test. You are expected to write a complete paragraph using the exact wording provided. In those locations where number signs (H\#) are placed, you should substitute the correct values and round them to the appropriate number of decimal places. In locations where choices are given as to which word(s) should be used, use only the appropriate word(s) and leave out the other choices. For example, if the passage showed they ate less/the same/more food, and the results were that they ate less food, then this part of the results should read: they ate less food. You will be graded based on putting the correct numbers and words in the correct locations and on using the correct formatting (rounding, spacing, punctuation, italics). You will lose one point for each error. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Version HAl) statistical software. An independent-samples t test compared the salaries of a sample of female faculty to a sample of male faculty in the state of Georgia. There was a significanto difference between the female faculty (M=#,SD=##) and the male faculty (M=##,SD=#A), t(tH)=HH,p= HA. Thus, female faculty earn/do not eam significantly lower/the same/higher salaries than/as male faculty in Georgia. I recommend that you copy the results paragraph and paste it below, then replace the ## symbols with the correct numbers (rounded correctly, tool). Then remove words that don't belong, leaving only the ones that do (i.e., if the result is significant, then remove the "o" following "a significant" in the third sentence.) When you are finished, please read through the whole paragraph to make sure you didn't omit any words or numbers or leave any words behind that shouldn't be there; also check that everything that should be italicized is italicized after you copy the paragraph into D2L (sometimes, the italics don't carry over). SPSS Lab: Independent-Samples t - Salary Worksheet Copy the SPSS output boxes for each of your analyses and paste them into this worksheet in the designated spaces. Paste screenshots of the Data View and the Variable View in the designated spaces, too, Before or after you complete the quiz based on this lab, you must submit this worksheet to the assignment folder designated for the Independent-Samples t Labs. EXPERIMENT ONE Dr. Euphrasia studies gender differences in income, and she wants to apply what she knows to salaries in higher education. In most fields, women eam less than men, so she wants to test her expectation that female faculty eam less than male faculty. She selected a sample from the population of faculty teaching at colleges and universities in Georgia, where she could look up the salaries of any government employee. She obtained the following salary data for a sample of female and a sample of male faculty (in thousands of dollars): Using SPSS, compute the appropriate test on the data from Paste the Group Statistics output here: Fill in the M and SD for each group: SPSS Lab: Independent-Samples t - Salary Worksheet Paste the Independent Samples Test output here: With alpha set at .05, write a conclusion based on these SPSS results. Be sure to report the appropriate statistics in APA style. Notice that women's mean salary is mumerically lower than men's in Experiment 1, but it is not significantly lower (as indicated by the p value), so we say that women do not earn a lower salary (because it is not statistically significantly lower). Paste a screenshot of the Data View (showing all the columns in which you have entered data) here: Paste a screenshot of the Variable View (showing all the rows in which you have entered information corresponding to the columns above) here: SPSS Lab: Independent-Samples t-Salary Worksheet Dr. Smith wanted to replicate the previous study. He selected a new sample from the population of faculty teaching at colleges and universities in Georgia. He obtained the following salary data for the women and men in that sample (in thousands of dollars): Using SPSS compute the appropriate test on the data from Experiment 2. Paste the Group Statistics output here: 3. Give the M and SD for each group: 4. The difference between the means in Experiment 1 is the difference between the means in Experiment 2. a. less than SPSS Lab: Independent-Samples t - Salary Worksheet b. greater than c. the same as 5. The variability (the SDs for each group) in Experiment 1 is the variability in Experiment 2 . less than the same as greater than because the SD of women in Experiment 1 is larger than the SD of women in Experiment 2, and the SD of men in Experiment 1 is larger than the SD of men in Experiment 2. 6a. Given your answer to numbers 4 and 5 , the results of Experiment 1 are to be significant compared to the results of Experiment 2 ? a. less likely b. more likely c. equally likely 6b. Explain why by answering this question: How will the numerator and denominator of the t-obtained formula be affected by the answers to questions 4 and 5 ? Note: When you make comparisons between the two experiments, clearly identify which experiment you are referring to. I have answered this question for you in great detail below. You will need to answer a similar question on later exams, so you should make sure you understand the explanation now. For the sake of this lab, though, and the accompanying quiz, you will only need to use this information to answer the question below that asks you to "Sum up the comparison between Experiment I and Experiment 2." SPSS Lab: Independent-Samples t - Salary Worksheet Implication of the Difference Between the Means: Because the difference between the means of the two groups is the same in Experiment 1 and Experiment 2, that component of the t-obtained formula cannot be responsible for the fact that Experiment 1 was nonsignificant but Experiment 2 was significant. Implication of Variability: Because the variability in Experiment 1 is larger than the variability in Experiment 2, the denominator of the tobtained formula is larger in Experiment 1 than in Experiment 2 . Sum up the comparison between Experiment 1 and Experiment 2 here: The impact of this difference is that the resulting t-obtained value is __ in Experiment than in Experiment 2, making it likely that the results would be significant in Experiment 1 than in Experiment 2. Next, let's look at the Independent Samples Test output box. Paste the Independent Samples Test output here: 7. With alpha set at .05, write a conclusion based on these SPSS results. Be sure to report the appropriate statistics in APA style. Notice that women's mean salary is mumerically lower than men's in Experiment 1, and it is significantly lower (as indicated by the p value), so we say that women do earn a lower salary (because it is statisfically significantly lower). Paste a screenshot of the Data View (showing all the columns in which you have entered data) here: Notice that women's mean salary is numerically lower than men's in Experiment 1, and it is significantly lower (as indicated by the p value), so we say that women do earn a lower salary (because it is statistically significantly lower). Paste a screenshot of the Data View (showing all the columns in which you have entered data) here: SPSS Lab: Independent-Samples t - Salary Worksheet RESULTS SECTION In this question, you are going to submit a properly formatted result section based on Experiment 1. Below, I have provided you a template that forms the basis of a simple results section for an independentsamples t test. You are expected to write a complete paragraph using the exact wording provided. In those locations where number signs (H\#) are placed, you should substitute the correct values and round them to the appropriate number of decimal places. In locations where choices are given as to which word(s) should be used, use only the appropriate word(s) and leave out the other choices. For example, if the passage showed they ate less/the same/more food, and the results were that they ate less food, then this part of the results should read: they ate less food. You will be graded based on putting the correct numbers and words in the correct locations and on using the correct formatting (rounding, spacing, punctuation, italics). You will lose one point for each error. Data were analyzed using SPSS (Version HAl) statistical software. An independent-samples t test compared the salaries of a sample of female faculty to a sample of male faculty in the state of Georgia. There was a significanto difference between the female faculty (M=#,SD=##) and the male faculty (M=##,SD=#A), t(tH)=HH,p= HA. Thus, female faculty earn/do not eam significantly lower/the same/higher salaries than/as male faculty in Georgia. I recommend that you copy the results paragraph and paste it below, then replace the ## symbols with the correct numbers (rounded correctly, tool). Then remove words that don't belong, leaving only the ones that do (i.e., if the result is significant, then remove the "o" following "a significant" in the third sentence.) When you are finished, please read through the whole paragraph to make sure you didn't omit any words or numbers or leave any words behind that shouldn't be there; also check that everything that should be italicized is italicized after you copy the paragraph into D2L (sometimes, the italics don't carry over)