1. Describe the hallmarks of scientific research. 2. What are the steps in hypothetico-deductive research? Explain them, using your own example. 3. One hears the word research being mentioned by several groups such as research organizations, col- lege and university professors, doctoral students, graduate assistants working for faculty, graduate and undergraduate students doing their term papers, research departments in industries, newspa- per reporters, journalists, lawyers, doctors, and many other professionals and nonprofessionals. In the light of what you have learned in this chapter, which among the aforementioned groups of people do you think may be doing "scientific" investigations in the areas of basic or applied research? Why? 4. Explain the processes of deduction and induction, giving an example of each. 5. Discuss the following statement: "Good research is deductive in nature." 6. Discuss the following statement: "The hallmarks of scientific research do not/cannot apply to inductive research." 7. If research in the management area cannot be 100% scientific, why bother to do it at all? Comment on this question. 8. What is epistemology and why is it important to know about different perspectives on research and how it should be done? 9. Discuss the most important differences between positivism and constructionism. 10. Is there a specific perspective on research that appeals to you? Why? 11. Some people think that you should choose a particular research perspective based on the research questions of your study. Others feel that a particular research perspective "chooses" you. That is, they believe that you will have a rather strong preference for one particular research perspective; in turn, this will have an influence on the type of questions you ask. How do you feel about this matter? 12. Critique the following research done in a service industry as to the extent to which it meets the hallmarks of scientific investigation discussed in this chapter.