State 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 Alabama 4,785,448 4,798,834 4,815,564 4,830,460 4,842,481 4,853,160 4,864,745 4,875,120 4,887,871 Alaska 713,906 722,038 730,399 737,045 736,307 737,547 741,504 739,786 737,438 Arizona 6,407,774 6,473,497 6,556,629 6,634,999 6,733,840 6,833,596 6,945,452 7,048,876 7,171,646 Arkansas 2,921,978 2,940,407 2,952,109 2,959,549 2,967,726 2,978,407 2,990,410 3,002,997 3,013,825 California 37,320,903 37,641,823 37,960,782 38,280,824 38,625,139 38,953,142 39,209,127 39,399,349 39,557,045 Colorado 5,048,281 5,121,771 5,193,721 5,270,482 5,351,218 5,452,107 5,540,921 5,615,902 5,695,564 Connecticut 3,579,125 3,588,023 3,594,395 3,594,915 3,594,783 3,587,509 3,578,674 3,573,880 3,572,665 Delaware 899,595 907,316 915,188 923,638 932,596 941,413 949,216 957,078 967,171 Florida 18,845,785 19,093,352 19,326,230 19,563,166 19,860,330 20,224,249 20,629,982 20,976,812 21,299,325 Georgia 9,711,810 9,801,578 9,901,496 9,973,326 10,069,001 10,181,111 10,304,763 10,413,055 10,519,475 Hawaii 1,363,963 1,379,252 1,394,905 1,408,453 1,414,862 1,422,484 1,428,105 1,424,203 1,420,491 Idaho 1,570,773 1,583,828 1,595,441 1,611,530 1,631,479 1,651,523 1,682,930 1,718,904 1,754,208 Illinois 12,840,762 12,867,291 12,884,119 12,898,269 12,888,962 12,864,342 12,826,895 12,786,196 12,741,080 Indiana 6,490,436 6,516,045 6,537,640 6,568,367 6,593,533 6,608,296 6,633,344 6,660,082 6,691,878 Iowa 3,050,767 3,066,054 3,076,097 3,093,078 3,109,504 3,121,460 3,131,785 3,143,637 3,156,145 Kansas 2,858,213 2,869,035 2,885,361 2,893,510 2,900,896 2,909,502 2,911,263 2,910,689 2,911,505 Kentucky 4,348,200 4,369,488 4,386,381 4,404,817 4,414,483 4,425,999 4,438,229 4,453,874 4,468,402 Louisiana 4,544,532 4,575,184 4,600,814 4,624,577 4,644,204 4,664,851 4,678,215 4,670,818 4,659,978 Maine 1,327,632 1,328,150 1,327,691 1,328,196 1,330,760 1,328,484 1,331,370 1,335,063 1,338,404 Maryland 5,788,642 5,838,991 5,887,072 5,923,704 5,958,165 5,986,717 6,004,692 6,024,891 6,042,718 Massachusetts 6,566,431 6,613,149 6,663,158 6,713,944 6,763,652 6,795,891 6,826,022 6,863,246 6,902,149 Michigan 9,877,535 9,881,521 9,896,930 9,913,349 9,930,589 9,932,573 9,951,890 9,976,447 9,995,915 Minnesota 5,310,843 5,345,668 5,376,550 5,413,693 5,451,522 5,482,503 5,523,409 5,568,155 5,611,179 Mississippi 2,970,536 2,978,470 2,983,767 2,988,797 2,990,623 2,988,693 2,988,298 2,989,663 2,986,530 Missouri 5,995,976 6,009,641 6,024,081 6,040,658 6,056,293 6,071,745 6,087,203 6,108,612 6,126,452 Montana 990,722 997,221 1,003,754 1,013,564 1,021,891 1,030,503 1,040,863 1,053,090 1,062,305 Nebraska 1,829,536 1,840,538 1,853,323 1,865,414 1,879,522 1,891,507 1,905,924 1,917,575 1,929,268 Nevada 2,702,464 2,712,799 2,744,566 2,776,972 2,819,012 2,868,666 2,919,772 2,972,405 3,034,392 New Hampshire 1,316,777 1,319,815 1,323,962 1,326,408 1,333,223 1,336,294 1,342,373 1,349,767 1,356,458 New Jersey 8,799,624 8,827,783 8,845,483 8,858,362 8,866,780 8,870,869 8,874,516 8,888,543 8,908,520 New Mexico 2,064,588 2,080,395 2,087,549 2,092,792 2,090,342 2,090,211 2,092,789 2,093,395 2,095,428 New York 19,400,080 19,498,514 19,574,549 19,628,043 19,656,330 19,661,411 19,641,589 19,590,719 19,542,209 North Carolina 9,574,293 9,656,754 9,749,123 9,843,599 9,933,944 10,033,079 10,156,679 10,270,800 10,383,620 North Dakota 674,710 685,136 701,116 721,999 737,382 754,022 754,353 755,176 760,077 Ohio 11,539,327 11,543,463 11,548,369 11,576,576 11,602,973 11,617,850 11,635,003 11,664,129 11,689,442 Oklahoma 3,759,632 3,787,821 3,818,600 3,853,205 3,878,367 3,909,831 3,926,769 3,932,640 3,943,079 Oregon 3,837,532 3,871,728 3,899,118 3,922,908 3,964,106 4,016,918 4,091,404 4,146,592 4,190,713 Pennsylvania 12,711,158 12,744,583 12,766,827 12,776,621 12,789,101 12,785,759 12,783,538 12,790,447 12,807,060 Rhode Island 1,053,938 1,053,536 1,054,601 1,055,122 1,056,017 1,056,173 1,057,063 1,056,486 1,057,315 South Carolina 4,635,656 4,671,422 4,717,112 4,764,153 4,823,793 4,892,253 4,958,235 5,021,219 5,084,127 South Dakota 816,165 823,484 833,496 842,270 849,088 853,933 862,890 873,286 882,235 Tennessee 6,355,301 6,397,410 6,451,281 6,493,432 6,540,826 6,590,808 6,645,011 6,708,794 6,770,010 Texas 25,242,679 25,646,227 26,089,620 26,489,464 26,977,142 27,486,814 27,937,492 28,322,717 28,701,845 Utah 2,775,334 2,814,216 2,853,467 2,897,927 2,937,399 2,982,497 3,042,613 3,103,118 3,161,105 Vermont 625,880 626,979 626,063 626,212 625,218 625,197 623,644 624,525 626,299 Virginia 8,023,680 8,100,469 8,185,229 8,253,053 8,312,076 8,362,907 8,410,946 8,465,207 8,517,685 Washington 6,742,902 6,821,655 6,892,876 6,962,906 7,052,439 7,163,543 7,294,680 7,425,432 7,535,591 West Virginia 1,854,214 1,856,074 1,856,764 1,853,873 1,849,467 1,841,996 1,830,929 1,817,048 1,805,832 Wisconsin 5,690,479 5,704,755 5,719,855 5,736,952 5,751,974 5,761,406 5,772,958 5,792,051 5,813,568 Wyoming 564,483 567,224 576,270 582,123 582,548 585,668 584,290 578,934 577,737 The US Census Bureau records the population for the 50 states each year The accompanying table shows a portion of this data for the years 2010 to 2018 a Create two subsets of the state population data one with 2018 population greater than or equal to 4 million and one with 2018 population less than 4 million How many observations are in each subset b In the subset of states with 4 million or more people, remove the states with over 9 million people How many states were removed

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State 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 .Alabama 4,785,448 4,798,834 4,815,564 4,830,460 4,842,481 4,853,160 4,864,745 4,875,120 4,887,871 .Alaska 713,906 722,038 730,399 737,045

State	2010	2011	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	2018
.Alabama	4,785,448	4,798,834	4,815,564	4,830,460	4,842,481	4,853,160	4,864,745	4,875,120	4,887,871
.Alaska	713,906	722,038	730,399	737,045	736,307	737,547	741,504	739,786	737,438
.Arizona	6,407,774	6,473,497	6,556,629	6,634,999	6,733,840	6,833,596	6,945,452	7,048,876	7,171,646
.Arkansas	2,921,978	2,940,407	2,952,109	2,959,549	2,967,726	2,978,407	2,990,410	3,002,997	3,013,825
.California	37,320,903	37,641,823	37,960,782	38,280,824	38,625,139	38,953,142	39,209,127	39,399,349	39,557,045
.Colorado	5,048,281	5,121,771	5,193,721	5,270,482	5,351,218	5,452,107	5,540,921	5,615,902	5,695,564
.Connecticut	3,579,125	3,588,023	3,594,395	3,594,915	3,594,783	3,587,509	3,578,674	3,573,880	3,572,665
.Delaware	899,595	907,316	915,188	923,638	932,596	941,413	949,216	957,078	967,171
.Florida	18,845,785	19,093,352	19,326,230	19,563,166	19,860,330	20,224,249	20,629,982	20,976,812	21,299,325
.Georgia	9,711,810	9,801,578	9,901,496	9,973,326	10,069,001	10,181,111	10,304,763	10,413,055	10,519,475
.Hawaii	1,363,963	1,379,252	1,394,905	1,408,453	1,414,862	1,422,484	1,428,105	1,424,203	1,420,491
.Idaho	1,570,773	1,583,828	1,595,441	1,611,530	1,631,479	1,651,523	1,682,930	1,718,904	1,754,208
.Illinois	12,840,762	12,867,291	12,884,119	12,898,269	12,888,962	12,864,342	12,826,895	12,786,196	12,741,080
.Indiana	6,490,436	6,516,045	6,537,640	6,568,367	6,593,533	6,608,296	6,633,344	6,660,082	6,691,878
.Iowa	3,050,767	3,066,054	3,076,097	3,093,078	3,109,504	3,121,460	3,131,785	3,143,637	3,156,145
.Kansas	2,858,213	2,869,035	2,885,361	2,893,510	2,900,896	2,909,502	2,911,263	2,910,689	2,911,505
.Kentucky	4,348,200	4,369,488	4,386,381	4,404,817	4,414,483	4,425,999	4,438,229	4,453,874	4,468,402
.Louisiana	4,544,532	4,575,184	4,600,814	4,624,577	4,644,204	4,664,851	4,678,215	4,670,818	4,659,978
.Maine	1,327,632	1,328,150	1,327,691	1,328,196	1,330,760	1,328,484	1,331,370	1,335,063	1,338,404
.Maryland	5,788,642	5,838,991	5,887,072	5,923,704	5,958,165	5,986,717	6,004,692	6,024,891	6,042,718
.Massachusetts	6,566,431	6,613,149	6,663,158	6,713,944	6,763,652	6,795,891	6,826,022	6,863,246	6,902,149
.Michigan	9,877,535	9,881,521	9,896,930	9,913,349	9,930,589	9,932,573	9,951,890	9,976,447	9,995,915
.Minnesota	5,310,843	5,345,668	5,376,550	5,413,693	5,451,522	5,482,503	5,523,409	5,568,155	5,611,179
.Mississippi	2,970,536	2,978,470	2,983,767	2,988,797	2,990,623	2,988,693	2,988,298	2,989,663	2,986,530
.Missouri	5,995,976	6,009,641	6,024,081	6,040,658	6,056,293	6,071,745	6,087,203	6,108,612	6,126,452
.Montana	990,722	997,221	1,003,754	1,013,564	1,021,891	1,030,503	1,040,863	1,053,090	1,062,305
.Nebraska	1,829,536	1,840,538	1,853,323	1,865,414	1,879,522	1,891,507	1,905,924	1,917,575	1,929,268
.Nevada	2,702,464	2,712,799	2,744,566	2,776,972	2,819,012	2,868,666	2,919,772	2,972,405	3,034,392
.New Hampshire	1,316,777	1,319,815	1,323,962	1,326,408	1,333,223	1,336,294	1,342,373	1,349,767	1,356,458
.New Jersey	8,799,624	8,827,783	8,845,483	8,858,362	8,866,780	8,870,869	8,874,516	8,888,543	8,908,520
.New Mexico	2,064,588	2,080,395	2,087,549	2,092,792	2,090,342	2,090,211	2,092,789	2,093,395	2,095,428
.New York	19,400,080	19,498,514	19,574,549	19,628,043	19,656,330	19,661,411	19,641,589	19,590,719	19,542,209
.North Carolina	9,574,293	9,656,754	9,749,123	9,843,599	9,933,944	10,033,079	10,156,679	10,270,800	10,383,620
.North Dakota	674,710	685,136	701,116	721,999	737,382	754,022	754,353	755,176	760,077
.Ohio	11,539,327	11,543,463	11,548,369	11,576,576	11,602,973	11,617,850	11,635,003	11,664,129	11,689,442
.Oklahoma	3,759,632	3,787,821	3,818,600	3,853,205	3,878,367	3,909,831	3,926,769	3,932,640	3,943,079
.Oregon	3,837,532	3,871,728	3,899,118	3,922,908	3,964,106	4,016,918	4,091,404	4,146,592	4,190,713
.Pennsylvania	12,711,158	12,744,583	12,766,827	12,776,621	12,789,101	12,785,759	12,783,538	12,790,447	12,807,060
.Rhode Island	1,053,938	1,053,536	1,054,601	1,055,122	1,056,017	1,056,173	1,057,063	1,056,486	1,057,315
.South Carolina	4,635,656	4,671,422	4,717,112	4,764,153	4,823,793	4,892,253	4,958,235	5,021,219	5,084,127
.South Dakota	816,165	823,484	833,496	842,270	849,088	853,933	862,890	873,286	882,235
.Tennessee	6,355,301	6,397,410	6,451,281	6,493,432	6,540,826	6,590,808	6,645,011	6,708,794	6,770,010
.Texas	25,242,679	25,646,227	26,089,620	26,489,464	26,977,142	27,486,814	27,937,492	28,322,717	28,701,845
.Utah	2,775,334	2,814,216	2,853,467	2,897,927	2,937,399	2,982,497	3,042,613	3,103,118	3,161,105
.Vermont	625,880	626,979	626,063	626,212	625,218	625,197	623,644	624,525	626,299
.Virginia	8,023,680	8,100,469	8,185,229	8,253,053	8,312,076	8,362,907	8,410,946	8,465,207	8,517,685
.Washington	6,742,902	6,821,655	6,892,876	6,962,906	7,052,439	7,163,543	7,294,680	7,425,432	7,535,591
.West Virginia	1,854,214	1,856,074	1,856,764	1,853,873	1,849,467	1,841,996	1,830,929	1,817,048	1,805,832
.Wisconsin	5,690,479	5,704,755	5,719,855	5,736,952	5,751,974	5,761,406	5,772,958	5,792,051	5,813,568
.Wyoming	564,483	567,224	576,270	582,123	582,548	585,668	584,290	578,934	577,737

The US Census Bureau records the population for the 50 states each year. The accompanying table shows a portion of this data for the years 2010 to 2018 a.Create two subsets of the state population data: one with 2018 population greater than or equal to 4 million and one with 2018 population less than 4 million. How many observations are in each subset? b.In the subset of states with 4 million or more people, remove the states with over 9 million people. How many states were removed?