Statistics, Identifying aspects of designs

1. A professor wants to see if students who study with music perform better on an exam than students who study in silence. The teacher asks each student whether they listened to music while studying. She then gives all students the same exam and records performance. The average exam score for the 15 students who listened to music is 70 and the average for the 13 students who studied in silence is 75. She runs a f-test and finds a t-value of 2.053. a) What is the Independent Variable (IV)? b) Name the levels: c) Are the levels within or between subjects? d) What is the Dependent Variable (DV)? e) What kind of t-test would be used to analyze this data? f) Did she find a significant effect? g) What did she learn? 2. The same professor questions whether students perform better using pen or pencil. She gives a quiz on Monday, in which 1/2 of her students complete the quiz with pen and the other 1/2 to complete the same quiz with pencil. On Thursday she gives a second quiz. Students who completed the first quiz in pen completed the second quiz with pencil. Students who completed the first quiz in pencil completed the second test with pen. Thus, all 28 students take one quiz in pen and one in pencil. Here are her results: MPEN = 7.9, MPENCIL = 8.1, t = 2.054. a) What is the IV: b) Name the levels: c) Are the levels within or between subjects? d) What is the DV? e) What test would be used to analyze this data? f) Did she find a significant effect? g) What did she learn