Strategic capabilities Executives emphasize different strategic capabilities in their organisations.Freeport$-$McMoRan Copper and Gold, Inc. is an international mining company in North America. It claims a leading position in the mining industry on the basis of large, long lived, geographically diverse assets and significant proven and probable reserves of copper, gold and molybdenum. More specifically, in terms of its Indonesian operation it points to a principal asset as the world class Grasberg mine discovered in $1988$ which has the worlds largest single copper reserve and worlds largest single gold reserveDaniel Bouton, Chairman and CEO of Soci$$t$$ G$$n$$rale$,$ in response to the question: How do you maintain your competitive advantage in equity derivatives? The barrier to entry is high, because of two significant costs. The first is IT$.$ The systems you need to perform well cost at least $$200$ million a year, and its not something you can buy from Dell or SAP. The second is the sheer number of people you need to work on managing your risk. Before you launch a product, you need to have the front office guys that propose, calculate and write the first model. Then you need the IT guy that creates the IT system in order to be able to calculate risks every $10$ seconds. And you need a good validating team in order to verify all the hypotheses. After that, you need high$-$quality middle and back office people.Tony Hall, Chief Executive of the Royal Opera House: world$-$class is neither an idle nor boastful claim. In the context of the Royal Opera House the term refers to the quality of our people, the standards of our productions and the diversity of our work and initiatives. Unique? Unashamedly so$.$ We shy away from labels such as elite, because of the obvious negative connotations of exclusiveness. But I want people to take away from here the fact that we are elite in the sense that we have the best singers, dancers, directors, designers, orchestra, chorus, backstage crew and administrative staff. We are also amongst the best in our ability to reach out to as wide and diverse a community as possible.Dave Swift, President of Whirlpool North America: Executing our strategy requires a unique toolkit of competencies that we continue to build for our people globally. The starting point of building new competencies is what we call Customer Excellence our ability to proactively understand and anticipate the needs of customers. Customer Excellence is a collection of tools that allows our people to analytically assess and prioritize the needs and desires of customers along all aspects of the purchase cycle from when they first might investigate an appliance on a web site, to the in$-$store experience on a retailers floor, to the features and aesthetics of the product, to the installation and service experience, and ultimately to their need to repeat this cycle. With these consumer insights in$-$hand, we then turn them into customer solutions through our innovation tools. As a result, our innovation capability has produced a robust pipeline of products, achieving a steady$-$state estimated value of over $$3$ billion.........Our knowledge of customers, coupled with our innovative customer solutions, is driving the attractiveness of our brands and creating greater value for our shareholders.Required:a$)$ From the above executives description of these organizational capabilities, Identify and categorize the capabilities described above into threshold resources and competences and unique resources and competences. $(8$ Marks$)$b$)$ With appropriate justification, analyze four capabilities might be especially important in terms of achieving competitive advantage. $(4$ Marks$)$c$)$ Discuss four tools that strategic managers can use to diagnose firms strategic resources and capabilities. $(8$ Marks$)$