Student number:18165033

Street stalls have been trendy recently.

After the national "Two Sessions" this year, many provinces and cities have launched policies to boost street-stall economy by creating a flexible environment. It is reported that the specific policies have already been announced to show a positive attitudes towards the development of street stall economy in Heilongjiang, Shanghai, Chengdu, Jinan, Hefei, etc.

1. Illuminating and Reviving--Scanning the New Picture of Chinese Nighttime Economy

How trendy is the nighttime economyin China? --A group of data can tell you the answer. Nighttime is the peak time for shopping. Alibaba Nighttime Economy Report states that the highest peak period for Taobao is between 9 PM and 10 PM at night. Nighttime consumption accounts for 36% of the all-day consumption, where eating crawfish alone can produce RMB 100 billion yuan. In addition, drinking, entertainment, and tourism are all included in this consumption. Today, with the continuous development of technology and accelerated upgrading of consumption, the development of "nighttime economy" is showing a new feature - "East, West, North and South" are totally different, The data about the physical store consumption from the APP Koubei shows that the majority of top 10 cities with the most active nighttime consumption are located in the south. World Tourism Cities Federation reports that the nighttime consumption of residents in eastern cities is stronger than that in western cities, with Beijing and southeast coastal cities being the most active.Some cities are working hard to catch up with the track of "nighttime economy". This June, Shenyang's largest water music fountain appeared in the Central Park of Hunnan District, attracting more than 40000 tourists on the opening day; May First Starlight night market in Urumqi is very popular, where people share tables to eat and enjoy themselves.

Please come up with a question about the difference test of the four population means in this background. The significance level is 0.05. The sample sizes of the four groups are: N1 = N2 = (student number Mod 5) + 5, N3 = N1 + 1, N4 = N1 + 2. Here "student number Mod 5" means: the remainder of student number divided by 5. (20 points)

2. Burning the Fire to Promote the Supply-Side Structural Reform

Experts pointed out that most cities' nighttime consumption projects are far from meeting the needs of consumers. Taking tourism as an example, a survey conducted by China Tourism Research Institute shows that nearly 80% of tourism enterprises in China invest less than 20% in nighttime tourism products; 72.99% of the 657 tourism enterprises participating in the survey provide less than 30% of nighttime tourism products. There is still room for improvement in the quantity and quality of nighttime tourism products. "At present, in China, urban nighttime economy is still dominated by catering and shopping. The supply structure of nighttime consumption needs to be further optimized to comply with the trend that consumers are upgrading their consumption from commodity to service." Zhao Ping, director of the International Trade Research Department of the Research Institute of the China Council for the promotion of international trade, said. Wang Yun believes that governments should encourage business entities to provide new formats and models to meet the needs of consumers by giving certain policy support to business operators, such as reducing the price of electricity at night, giving certain subsidies to cultural performances at night, etc.

Please come up with a question about the difference test (matching sample) of two population means in this background. For the students whose student card number is ended with an even number, the question should use two-tail test with critical value approach at a significance level of 0.05; For the students with odd ending number in the student number, the question should use the upper-tail test with P-value approach at a significance level of 0.01. Sample size n = 20 - the last number of your student number.(20 points)

3. Burning the Fire to Ensure Service Guarantee

In the interview, many business operators appealed to governments for enough development space. Hong Chaohui, deputy general manager of Shanghai Pujiang Tourism Group Co., Ltd., said that the night tour of Huangpu River is very popular. The enterprise has always wanted to develop the cruise ship economy of water shore linkage and day night docking, but it involves many administrative departments such as business, culture and tourism, transportation, environment, market supervision, etc. He is hopping that the government would increase the efforts of "deregulation services" and provide convenience for enterprises to develop "nighttime economy". To develop "nighttime economy", urban management is also facing "many tests". How to solve the transportation problem of traveling at night? Is night safety in place? ...Facing these tests, each city is making explorations. Beijing Metro Line 1 and line 2 are extending operation hours; some public toilets in Jinan extend opening hours, as well as cleaning, collection and transportation of garbage strengthened; supported by facial recognition, social video probe networking and other technical means, the local police station located in Changsha May 1st business district witnesses a significantly decreasing number of criminal cases and pickpocket cases year on year.

Please come up with a question about the difference test of the two population variance in this background. For the students whose student card number is ended with an even number, the question should have two-tail test tests at a significance level of 0.05; For the students with odd ending number, the question should have lower-tail test with a significance level of 0.01, where n1 = 10 + ending number, n2 = n1-1. (20 points)

4. Burning the Fire to Promote Reasonable Development

Some cities neglect scientific planning and put airborne night market streets and other consumption places in the city centers and residential compound, causing the problems disturbing residents such as traffic congestion, noise pollution, and light pollution. In some cities, nighttime business districts are built in pursuit of "high-end fashion and luxury", which breaks away from the actual consumption level of local people. Xu Guangjian said that the "nighttime economy" should not be made into a vanity project, let alone be separated from the reality and the needs of people, which is as same as building a castle in the air. People getting off red eye flights can take a taxi readily; night-shift workers can easily find a place to eat a bowl of noodles. This is the people's livelihood that the nighttime economy should provide.

Please come up with a question about the difference test of two population proportions in this background, and two groups of sample data must be listed. The sample sizes of the two groups are separately: n1 = (student card number mod 50) + 50, n2 = n1-5. Here "student card number mod 50" means: the remainder of student card number divided by 50. (20 points)

5. People's Critical Comment: the street-stall economy should be heated, but cannot be "feverish".

After the outbreak of COVID-19, some local governments have supported the street-stall economy, reviving the local economies, and making a living way for people whose income has decreased because of COVID-19 pandemic. However, if the scale of street-stall economy is too large, it could negatively influence the social and market order; government inappropriate encouragement may lead to another kind of unfairness. What should stores do if street stalls are encouraged? What should pedestrian do if street vendors are encouraged to do business on the roadside and walkway? Encouraging street-stall economy could result in more new problems, possibly posing a bigger challenge to the administration and violating public interest, which is likely to cause market entities to lose the balance of interest. In this way, it could betray the original intention of the policy which is to support the people's livelihood with street-stall economy. Tolerance means that government should have a more precise evaluation of public interest, not only considering the livelihood of street vendors, but also considering the stores; not only opening more business space for low-income people, but also protecting the basic order of public transport, as well as controlling noise pollution, ensuring food security etc. There are too many aspects that governments should consider. Tolerance to street stalls is the only way that can keep the original intention of the policy to the greatest extent, but the active motivation and encouragement from governments may lead to the new unfairness and disorder, which could diverge from the original intention of the street-stall economy policy, making this policy losing its special value.

Please come up with a question about confidence interval estimation about difference of two population means (independent sample) in this background. The students with the ending number of 0-3 in their student numbers should use the Z-test statistics, and the sample sizes of the two groups are 8 and 9 respectively, and the confidence level is 99%.

The students with the ending number of 4-6 should use pooled-variance t test statistic, and the sample sizes of the two groups are 7 and 8 respectively, and the confidence level is 95%.

The students with the ending number of 7-9 in student number should use t test statistic, and the sample sizes of the two groups are 6 and 7 respectively, and the confidence level is 90%. (20 points)

6. Internet Platforms Empowering Street-stall Economy(compulsory questions)

Recently, some internet platform companies have been offering a series of services and incentives to support and empower street-stall economy: the "same-day distribution" service by Suning provides RMB 100 billion yuan of traceable high-quality local goods across the country, involving local specialties, fresh produce, original agricultural products, and other categories; 10000 refrigerators are provided in Carrefour supermarkets and Suning convenience stores, and night market stall vendors can apply for their free cold-chain storage service within 3 km. Suning convenience stores play the role of "capillary vessels", where the refrigerators and freezers in the stores are open to the surrounding street vendors to store wares for free trial, under the condition of ensuring its own operation. Besides the supply of goods, the "street-stall economy" also needs financial support to upgrade its development. It is reported in data that 96% of the vendors are short of supply funds, which is no more than RMB 100000 yuan, and "one helping hand can make them live". Each platform has tailored its financial services to support stall owners. Alibaba 1688 provides 70 billion yuan of "Sincere e Credit", an interest-free loans service, to support stall vendors to purchase goods on credit from 1688 platform. Jingdong provides up to RMB 100000 yuan interest-free credit for each store owner, fully supporting the street stall and local small store economy.

1. Please come up with a question about linear regression equation in this background. The sample data of two groups must be listed. The sample size is

n=20-the ending number of your student number. (20 points) compulsory question)

2. Check the existence of the linear trend in question (a); The significance level is 5%. (20 points) (compulsory question)