subject university life text

Television addiction is no meremet The term "TV addictions imprecise but it capture the phone Psychologists formally define addiction as a disorder characterized by the indus spending a great deal of time using the thing using it more often than one and the about reducing use or making repeated unsuccessful efforts to reduce une ghing upant activities to use it and reporting withdrawal symptoms when one stops using All these criteria can apply to people who watch a lot of television. That does not that watching television, in itself, is problematic. Television can teach and amuse, it can be highly rtistic it can provide much needed distraction and escape. The difficulty arises when people songly sense that they ought not to watch they do and yet find they are unable Buce their viewing. Some knowledge of how television becomes so addictive may help hea vers gain better control over their lives. amount me people spend watching television is astonishing. On average, individ ndustrialized world devote three hours a day to the activity - fully half of their leisur sore than on any single activity except work sleep. At this rate, someone who spend nine years in front of the television. Possibly, this devotion means si Vand make a conscious decision to watch it. But if that is the whole story, whe worry about how much they view? In surveys in 1992 and 1999, two out of fu ut of ten teenagers said they spent too much time watching TV. Other surv tly shown that roughly ten per cent of adults call themselves TV addicts. marchers have undertaken laboratory expe lives. may help heavy The amount of time people spend watching television is astonishing. On average, individuals in the industrialized world devote three ho? a day to the activity - fully half of their leisure time, and more than on any single activity except work and sleep. At this rate, someone who lives to 75 would spend nine years in front of the television. Possibly, this devotion means ply that people enjoy TV and make a conscious decision to watch it. But if that is the whole story, why do so man people worry about how much they view? In surveys in 1992 and 1999, two out of five adults and seven out of ten teenagers said they spent too much time watching TV. Other surveys have consistently shown that roughly ten per cent of adults call themselves TV addicts. To study people's reactions to TV, researchers have undertaken laboratory experiments in which they have monitored the brain waves, skin resistance or heart rate of people watching television To study behavior and emotion in the normal course of life, as opposed to the artificial conditio of the laboratory, we have used the Experience Sampling Method (ESM). Participants carried a beeper*, and we signaled them six to eight times a day, at random, over the period of a week whenever they heard the beep, they wrote down what they were doing and how they were feeling. How to Cheche Choosing which that will greatly influence the youny of choices and therefore you need to be strategien madh narrowing down your choices into second and first choice. This such as your motivation and aspiration, your personality. Your location and People attend university for different reasons, so ask yourself what you wa Om Your target university and what you want to do after you graduate. Many people attend top uweritives because of the prestige without considering their choice of future career. If you have interest articular career, you should ind med better reputation for your career choice thers. With a degree from a university that is most respected in the profession you want vill be easy for you to get your dream job and you will be able to climb the career ladd personality types also play an importa role in your success as a university stud arly type student usually has self-motivation to work hard in order to exam rades. This type of person will find comfort in a highly academic environmer rld universities such as Oxford or Cambridge. On the contrary, if you are ne who can study for hours and getting top grades is not your main priority Iaid.hack academic environment so that you will not How to Chen Choosing which that will greatly influence the youny of choices and therefore you need to be strategic in madhort narrowing down your choices into second and first choice. This such as your motivation and aspiration, your personality, your location and People attend university for different reasons, so ask yourself what you waom your target university and what you want to do after you graduate. Many people attend top uwersities because of the prestige without considering their choice of future career. If you have interest articular career, you should ina minha better reputation for your career choice thers. With a degree from a university that is most respected in the profession you want vill be easy for you to get your dream job and you will be able to climb the career ladd personality types also play an importa role in your success as a university stud arly type student usually has self-motivation to work hard in order to exam rades. This type of person will find comfort in a highly academic environmer rld universities such as Oxford or Cambridge. On the contrary, if you are ne who can study for hours and getting top grades is not your main priority laid-hack academic environment so that you will not Den somnow at sorted or und out the new they have more culty concentrating atter viewing than before in contra such circulty after reading. After playing sports or engaging people on improvement in mood. After watching TV, people's moods are about the date of Wonen before Within moments of sitting or lying down and pushing the power button. viewers report teling more relaxed. Because the relaxation occurs quickly, people are conditioned to associate Views with rest and lack of tension. The association is positively reinforced because viewers remain relaxed throughout viewing Thus, the irony of TV: people watch plan to even though prolonged viewing is less rewarding. In our ESM studies the longer people sau front of the set, the less satisfaction they said they derived from it. When signaled, heavy viewers (those who consistently watch more than four hours a day) tended to report on their ESM sheets that they enjoy TV less than light viewers did (less than two hours a day). For some, a twinge of unease or guilt that they aren't something more productive may also accompany and depreciate the enjoyment of prolonge viewing. Researchers in Japan, the U.K. and the U.S. have found that this guilt occurs much more among middle-class viewers than among le fluent ones. The orienting response is an instinctive reaction to any sudden or new, such as movement or possible attack by a predator. Typical orienting reactions include the following the arteries to the brain grow wider allowing more blood to reach it, the heart slows down and arteries to the large muscles become narrower so as to reduce blood supply to them. Brain waves are also interrupted for a few seconds. These changes allow the brain to focus its attention on gathering more information and becoming more alert while the rest of the body becomes quieter. ot me laborators we have used the Experience Sampling Method OEM Popane beepers and we gnaled them six to eight times a day at random, over the post whenever they heard the beep, they wrote down what they were doing and how they Feeling As one might expect people who were watching TV when we beeped the reported feeling relaxed and passive. The EEG studies similarly show less mental stimulation, as measured by alpha brain-wave production during viewing than during reading What is more surprising is that the sense of relaxation ends when the set is turned off, but the feelings of passivity and lowered alertness continue. Sutvey participants commonly reflect that television has somehow absorban leaving them depleted. They say they have more difficulty concentrating atter viewing contrast, they rarely indicate such difficulty after reading. After playing sports or engaging in hobbies, people report improvements in mood. After watching TV, people's moods are about the same or worse than before. Within ments of sitting or lying down and pushing the "power" button, viewers report feeling more relaxed. Because the relaxation occurs quickly, people are conditioned to associate viewing with rest and lack of tension. The association is positive einforced because viewers remain relaxed throughout viewing. Thus, the irony of TV: people watch a great deal longer than they plan to even though prolonged viewing is less rewarding. In our ESM studies the longer people sat in front of the set, the less satisfaction they said they derived from it. When signaled, heavy viewers (those who consistent watch more than four hours a day) tended to report on their ESM sheets that they enjoy TV les Television addiction is no meremet The term "TV addictions imprecise but it capture the phone Psychologists formally define addiction as a disorder characterized by the indus spending a great deal of time using the thing using it more often than one and the about reducing use or making repeated unsuccessful efforts to reduce une ghing upant activities to use it and reporting withdrawal symptoms when one stops using All these criteria can apply to people who watch a lot of television. That does not that watching television, in itself, is problematic. Television can teach and amuse, it can be highly rtistic it can provide much needed distraction and escape. The difficulty arises when people songly sense that they ought not to watch they do and yet find they are unable Buce their viewing. Some knowledge of how television becomes so addictive may help hea vers gain better control over their lives. amount me people spend watching television is astonishing. On average, individ ndustrialized world devote three hours a day to the activity - fully half of their leisur sore than on any single activity except work sleep. At this rate, someone who spend nine years in front of the television. Possibly, this devotion means si Vand make a conscious decision to watch it. But if that is the whole story, whe worry about how much they view? In surveys in 1992 and 1999, two out of fu ut of ten teenagers said they spent too much time watching TV. Other surv tly shown that roughly ten per cent of adults call themselves TV addicts. marchers have undertaken laboratory expe lives. may help heavy The amount of time people spend watching television is astonishing. On average, individuals in the industrialized world devote three ho? a day to the activity - fully half of their leisure time, and more than on any single activity except work and sleep. At this rate, someone who lives to 75 would spend nine years in front of the television. Possibly, this devotion means ply that people enjoy TV and make a conscious decision to watch it. But if that is the whole story, why do so man people worry about how much they view? In surveys in 1992 and 1999, two out of five adults and seven out of ten teenagers said they spent too much time watching TV. Other surveys have consistently shown that roughly ten per cent of adults call themselves TV addicts. To study people's reactions to TV, researchers have undertaken laboratory experiments in which they have monitored the brain waves, skin resistance or heart rate of people watching television To study behavior and emotion in the normal course of life, as opposed to the artificial conditio of the laboratory, we have used the Experience Sampling Method (ESM). Participants carried a beeper*, and we signaled them six to eight times a day, at random, over the period of a week whenever they heard the beep, they wrote down what they were doing and how they were feeling. How to Cheche Choosing which that will greatly influence the youny of choices and therefore you need to be strategien madh narrowing down your choices into second and first choice. This such as your motivation and aspiration, your personality. Your location and People attend university for different reasons, so ask yourself what you wa Om Your target university and what you want to do after you graduate. Many people attend top uweritives because of the prestige without considering their choice of future career. If you have interest articular career, you should ind med better reputation for your career choice thers. With a degree from a university that is most respected in the profession you want vill be easy for you to get your dream job and you will be able to climb the career ladd personality types also play an importa role in your success as a university stud arly type student usually has self-motivation to work hard in order to exam rades. This type of person will find comfort in a highly academic environmer rld universities such as Oxford or Cambridge. On the contrary, if you are ne who can study for hours and getting top grades is not your main priority Iaid.hack academic environment so that you will not How to Chen Choosing which that will greatly influence the youny of choices and therefore you need to be strategic in madhort narrowing down your choices into second and first choice. This such as your motivation and aspiration, your personality, your location and People attend university for different reasons, so ask yourself what you waom your target university and what you want to do after you graduate. Many people attend top uwersities because of the prestige without considering their choice of future career. If you have interest articular career, you should ina minha better reputation for your career choice thers. With a degree from a university that is most respected in the profession you want vill be easy for you to get your dream job and you will be able to climb the career ladd personality types also play an importa role in your success as a university stud arly type student usually has self-motivation to work hard in order to exam rades. This type of person will find comfort in a highly academic environmer rld universities such as Oxford or Cambridge. On the contrary, if you are ne who can study for hours and getting top grades is not your main priority laid-hack academic environment so that you will not Den somnow at sorted or und out the new they have more culty concentrating atter viewing than before in contra such circulty after reading. After playing sports or engaging people on improvement in mood. After watching TV, people's moods are about the date of Wonen before Within moments of sitting or lying down and pushing the power button. viewers report teling more relaxed. Because the relaxation occurs quickly, people are conditioned to associate Views with rest and lack of tension. The association is positively reinforced because viewers remain relaxed throughout viewing Thus, the irony of TV: people watch plan to even though prolonged viewing is less rewarding. In our ESM studies the longer people sau front of the set, the less satisfaction they said they derived from it. When signaled, heavy viewers (those who consistently watch more than four hours a day) tended to report on their ESM sheets that they enjoy TV less than light viewers did (less than two hours a day). For some, a twinge of unease or guilt that they aren't something more productive may also accompany and depreciate the enjoyment of prolonge viewing. Researchers in Japan, the U.K. and the U.S. have found that this guilt occurs much more among middle-class viewers than among le fluent ones. The orienting response is an instinctive reaction to any sudden or new, such as movement or possible attack by a predator. Typical orienting reactions include the following the arteries to the brain grow wider allowing more blood to reach it, the heart slows down and arteries to the large muscles become narrower so as to reduce blood supply to them. Brain waves are also interrupted for a few seconds. These changes allow the brain to focus its attention on gathering more information and becoming more alert while the rest of the body becomes quieter. ot me laborators we have used the Experience Sampling Method OEM Popane beepers and we gnaled them six to eight times a day at random, over the post whenever they heard the beep, they wrote down what they were doing and how they Feeling As one might expect people who were watching TV when we beeped the reported feeling relaxed and passive. The EEG studies similarly show less mental stimulation, as measured by alpha brain-wave production during viewing than during reading What is more surprising is that the sense of relaxation ends when the set is turned off, but the feelings of passivity and lowered alertness continue. Sutvey participants commonly reflect that television has somehow absorban leaving them depleted. They say they have more difficulty concentrating atter viewing contrast, they rarely indicate such difficulty after reading. After playing sports or engaging in hobbies, people report improvements in mood. After watching TV, people's moods are about the same or worse than before. Within ments of sitting or lying down and pushing the "power" button, viewers report feeling more relaxed. Because the relaxation occurs quickly, people are conditioned to associate viewing with rest and lack of tension. The association is positive einforced because viewers remain relaxed throughout viewing. Thus, the irony of TV: people watch a great deal longer than they plan to even though prolonged viewing is less rewarding. In our ESM studies the longer people sat in front of the set, the less satisfaction they said they derived from it. When signaled, heavy viewers (those who consistent watch more than four hours a day) tended to report on their ESM sheets that they enjoy TV les