Summarize the findings in this article on mortality rates of patients treated by male and female doctors. Design a new study to drill down into the findings from this article. Describe what data you would need, how you would analyze it using excel.

https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC5558155/ this link is the article. How would you analyze it using machine learning algorithms in R. Describe the visualizations you would produce. In their study of gender's impact on treatment, what potentially confounding factor may the intial research have ignored? How would you incorporate that factor?