Suppose a country's population in 1680 was 8 million people. From 1680 to 1775, the average yearly birth rate was 42 per thousand, the average yearly death rate was 41 per thousand and net migration was -100,000.

a) (20 points) Calculate the country's population in 1775 (round to the closest unit).

b) (20 points) From 1775 to 1860 the average death rate was 2.8 percent. If the population in 1860 was 24 million people and there was no net migration, what was the average yearly birth rate from 1775 to 1860? (round to one decimal after the percent, e.g., 5.2 percent.)

c) (10 points) What stage of the demographic transition does the period from 1680 to 1775 most likely represent? What about the period from 1775 to 1860? Justify your answers.