Suppose a government enacts all three of the following laws:

• A law requiring that white students attend different schools than African-American students.
• A law raising the drinking age to 25, making it legal for everyone 25 and over to drink, but illegal for everyone under 25 to drink.
• A law requiring men, but not women, to pay income taxes.

Each of these laws is challenged on 14thAmendment equal protection grounds.For all3 of these laws, answer the following 2 questions:

1. What test will courts use to determine whether each law violates the equal protection clause of the 14thAmendment, and why? (Hint: each law will get a different test)
2. Under the test applied for each law, at least how strong must the government interest be for the courts to uphold each law (e.g., does the government interest need to be legitimate, important, or compelling)?