Suppose a typical program has an instruction mix of 40%, 15%, 20%, and 25% for instruction types A, B, C, and D respectively. On processor P1, the CPIs for these instruction types are 1, 2, 3, and 4 respectively, and the clock rate is 2GHz. One representative program, S, executes 1 million instructions.

d) The VLSI designers tell you that they can improve the clock rate to 3GHz. However, due to the need to handle the extra power dissipation, a cooling system that adds 30% to the cost of the package is needed. Assuming you want to maximize the performance/cost ratio, what do you tell them to do?

(e) Processor P2 has the same ISA but needs 2 CPI for all instruction types. What clock rate would P2 need to have the same performance as P1?

(f) An I/O operation of b bytes takes 3b+5 s. Program S is like S but must also do k bytes of I/O, though the I/O may be split into any number of transfers (e.g.,k transfers of 1 byte each, k/2 transfers of 2 bytes each, . . ., 1 k-byte transfer). The system designers would prefer to do multiple small transfers to avoid hogging the I/O bus. There is also a requirement that S takes at most 3 times as long to run as S. How best do you split the I/O while keeping system designers happy? You may assume that k is large enough to avoid using floor and ceiling functions (as an approximation), and ranges over values for which your result makes sense

Please answer all parts and answer these questions only.

Please answer the questions written and show all work.

Thank you.