Suppose that we identify a sample of women 50 to 54 years of age who have both a mother and a sister with a history of breast cancer. We then observe that 17 of these women themselves have developed breast cancer at some time in their lives. Assume that the proportion of breast cancer cases in women whose mothers have had breast cancer is 8%.

Suppose that we then use the sample to test the hypothesis that having a sister with the disease increases the risk of breast cancer, and find thep-value to be 0.0141. What is the meaning of thisp-value?

(A) Thep-value of 0.0141 is the probability of making a wrong decision.

(B) If having a sister with breast cancer does increase the risk, it is very unlikely (probability 0.0141) to obtain 17 or more cases of breast cancer in the given sample.

(C) If having a sister with breast cancer does not increase the risk, it is very unlikely (probability 0.0141) to obtain exactly 17 cases of breast cancer in the given sample.

(D) Thep-value of 0.0141 is the probability of making a Type I error.

(E) If having a sister with breast cancer does not increase the risk, it is very unlikely (probability 0.0141) to obtain 17 or more cases of breast cancer in the given sample.

(F) If having a sister with breast cancer does increase the risk, it is very unlikely (probability 0.0141) to obtain exactly 17 cases of breast cancer in the given sample.

(G) Thep-value of 0.0141 is the probability of making a Type II error.