Suppose we run an experiment and, besides our treatment variable, we include additional regressors (subject characteristics relevant to determine the outcome variable). However, we measure these additional regressors after treatment. Which of the following best characterizes why this is a problem? A. Regressors measured after treatment may be affected by the treatment and therefore soak up some of the treatment effect. B. Including post-treatment variables will induce multicollinearity. C. Post-treatment variables will not satisfy the relevance condition. D. Including post-treatment variables will cause treatment and control groups to differ. 2) What is the benefit of the demeaned variable approach to estimating entity fixed effects over the dummy variable specification approach? A. The demeaned variable approach gives more accurate coefficient estimates. jors are B. The coefficient estimates on the demeaned variable approach have a lower standard error. C. If the number of entities is large, it is easier to implement the demeaned variable approach and there will be much fewer parameters to estimate. D. Using the demeaned variable approach we can estimate coefficients on variables that are constant over time. 3) Which of the following is a reason why partial compliance in a randomized experiment can be a problem? A. Partial compliance can lead to a correlation between treatment received and the error term. B. Partial compliance can lead to a correlation between treatment received and other regressors. . Even completely random compliance causes biased estimates of the treatment effects. D. Partial compliance is not a problem if it is not random. 4) Which of the following is true about entity fixed effects models? A. Entity fixed effects models cannot generate a coefficient on an included explanatory variable that is constant over time. B. Entity fixed effects will generate a coefficient on any included explanatory variable as long as that variable varies across entities. C. We cannot use entity fixed effects models when we suspect there are entity fixed effects but no such effect exists (a. = 0 for all entities) D. An entity fixed effects model is not possible when there are a large number of entities in the model. 5) Which of the following is NOT a threat to internal validity in real life experiments? A. Subjects in the experiment do not follow the treatment protocol and the treatment received is partly determined by subject characteristics B. Subjects in the treatment group feel special about their role in the experiment and change their behavior. C. Subjects of the experiment drop out for reasons unrelated to the treatment D. Subjects are assigned to control and treatment groups based on certain characteristics of the subjectsSuppose we run an experiment and, besides our treatment variable, we include additional regressors (subject characteristics relevant to determine the outcome variable). However, we measure these additional regressors after treatment. Which of the following best characterizes why this is a problem? A. Regressors measured after treatment may be affected by the treatment and therefore soak up some of the treatment effect. B. Including post-treatment variables will induce multicollinearity. C. Post-treatment variables will not satisfy the relevance condition. D. Including post-treatment variables will cause treatment and control groups to differ. 2) What is the benefit of the demeaned variable approach to estimating entity fixed effects over the dummy variable specification approach? A. The demeaned variable approach gives more accurate coefficient estimates. jors are B. The coefficient estimates on the demeaned variable approach have a lower standard error. C. If the number of entities is large, it is easier to implement the demeaned variable approach and there will be much fewer parameters to estimate. D. Using the demeaned variable approach we can estimate coefficients on variables that are constant over time. 3) Which of the following is a reason why partial compliance in a randomized experiment can be a problem? A. Partial compliance can lead to a correlation between treatment received and the error term. B. Partial compliance can lead to a correlation between treatment received and other regressors. . Even completely random compliance causes biased estimates of the treatment effects. D. Partial compliance is not a problem if it is not random. 4) Which of the following is true about entity fixed effects models? A. Entity fixed effects models cannot generate a coefficient on an included explanatory variable that is constant over time. B. Entity fixed effects will generate a coefficient on any included explanatory variable as long as that variable varies across entities. C. We cannot use entity fixed effects models when we suspect there are entity fixed effects but no such effect exists (a. = 0 for all entities) D. An entity fixed effects model is not possible when there are a large number of entities in the model. 5) Which of the following is NOT a threat to internal validity in real life experiments? A. Subjects in the experiment do not follow the treatment protocol and the treatment received is partly determined by subject characteristics B. Subjects in the treatment group feel special about their role in the experiment and change their behavior. C. Subjects of the experiment drop out for reasons unrelated to the treatment D. Subjects are assigned to control and treatment groups based on certain characteristics of the subjects